ATI LPN
Immune System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is completing an assessment for a client who has a history of unstable angina. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in unstable angina, chest pain typically lasts longer than 15 minutes due to reduced blood flow to the heart. Choice B is incorrect because pain in unstable angina is not always relieved by rest. Choice C is incorrect as pain can occur at rest in unstable angina. Choice D is incorrect as patients with unstable angina may experience chest pain even at rest.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is an antimalarial DMARD?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hydroxychloroquine. It is an antimalarial DMARD (Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drug) commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Hydroxychloroquine works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system. Methotrexate (A) is a DMARD but not used for malaria. Leflunomide (C) is also a DMARD for rheumatoid arthritis. Adalimumab (D) is a biologic DMARD used for autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, but not for malaria. In summary, hydroxychloroquine is the correct choice as it is specifically indicated for treating malaria among the options provided.
Question 3 of 5
What is a serious adverse effect of belimumab?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acute pulmonary edema. Belimumab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus, and one of its serious adverse effects is acute pulmonary edema. This can occur due to an allergic reaction to the medication, resulting in fluid accumulation in the lungs. Bone marrow suppression (choice B) is not a common adverse effect of belimumab. Retinal damage (choice C) is not associated with belimumab use. Hepatotoxicity (choice D) is a known adverse effect of some medications but is not a prominent concern with belimumab. Therefore, the correct answer is A, as it aligns with the drug's known adverse effects.
Question 4 of 5
Which medication is used to inhibit renal reabsorption of urates?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Probenecid is the correct answer as it inhibits renal reabsorption of urates by blocking the URAT1 transporter. By decreasing uric acid reabsorption, it increases urate excretion, thus lowering serum uric acid levels. Allopurinol and Febuxostat are xanthine oxidase inhibitors used to reduce uric acid production, not reabsorption. Colchicine is used to treat acute gout attacks by reducing inflammation and does not affect urate reabsorption.
Question 5 of 5
A client is in the hospital and has received two doses of an angiotensin-converting enzyme for hypertension. When the nurse answers the client's call light, the client presents an appearance as shown below: What action by the nurse takes is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ensure a patent airway while calling the Rapid Response Team. This is the most appropriate action because the client is showing signs of angioedema, a potentially life-threatening adverse reaction to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Angioedema can lead to airway obstruction and respiratory distress, so ensuring a patent airway is crucial. Calling the Rapid Response Team will provide immediate access to additional resources and expertise to manage the situation effectively. Choice A (Administer epinephrine) is incorrect because epinephrine is not the first-line treatment for angioedema caused by ACE inhibitors. Choice B (Apply oxygen) may be helpful but does not address the urgent need to secure the airway. Choice D (Reassure the client) is inappropriate as the situation requires immediate intervention to prevent respiratory compromise.