A nurse is caring for a patient who has suffered a hip fracture and who will require an extended hospital stay. The nurse should ensure that the patient does which of the following in order to prevent common complications associated with a hip fracture?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is among the most common complications related to a hip fracture. To prevent DVT, the nurse encourages intake of fluids and ankle and foot exercises. The patient should not be told to endure pain; a proactive approach to pain control should be adopted. While respiratory complications commonly include atelectasis and pneumonia, the use of deep-breathing exercises, changes in position at least every 2 hours, and the use of incentive spirometry help prevent the respiratory complications more than using supplementary oxygen. Bed rest may be indicated in the short term, but is not normally required for 14 days.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Longitudinal red lines in nails can indicate bacterial endocarditis due to vascular changes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A low central venous pressure (e.g., 2 mm Hg) indicates hypovolemia, suggesting inadequate fluid resuscitation in the emergent phase of burn care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Psoriasis is a chronic condition with no cure; medications manage symptoms, so the statement about curing the disease indicates a misunderstanding.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium, providing a protective barrier.