ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Course Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma in a community clinic. Which intervention reflects secondary prevention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Secondary prevention spots disease shifts early, critical for asthma management. Monitoring peak flow readings tracking lung function detects drops signaling an attack, allowing timely intervention like inhaler use to prevent escalation, a nursing staple in clinics. Teaching trigger avoidance is primary, preventing attacks outright. Prescribing meds (a provider task) and exercise education lean tertiary, managing or enhancing life with asthma, not detecting. Peak flow checks simple, client-run catch subtle changes, as research shows regular monitoring cuts ER visits. This aligns with nursing's assessment focus, empowering the client to act before symptoms worsen, ensuring asthma stays controlled in a community setting where proactive care keeps chronic illness in check.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client at home who has had a tracheostomy tube for several months. The nurse monitors the client for complications associated with the long-term tracheostomy and suspects tracheoesophageal fistula if which observation is noted for the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Long-term tracheostomy complication tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) causes abdominal distention (A) from air entering the stomach. Drainage (B), secretions (C), or obstruction (D) are unrelated. A is correct. Rationale: TEF allows air leakage, inflating the abdomen, a key sign per chronic tracheostomy care.
Question 3 of 5
A client is at risk for increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which assessment finding reflects an increase in ICP?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Unequal pupil size (A) reflects increased ICP, indicating brain compression affecting cranial nerves. Decreasing BP (B) is late. Tachycardia (C) isn't specific. Temperature drop (D) isn't typical. A is correct. Rationale: Pupil asymmetry signals herniation or pressure on the oculomotor nerve, a critical ICP sign, per neuroassessment standards.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse observes a window washer falling 25 feet (7.6 m) to the ground. The nurse rushes to the scene and determines that the person is in cardiopulmonary arrest. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In cardiopulmonary arrest, begin chest compressions (B) first per BLS guidelines, as circulation is priority. Pulse check (A) follows if uncertain. Calling (C) or Heimlich (D) delays care. B is correct. Rationale: Immediate compressions restore circulation in arrest, critical within seconds, per AHA protocols, overriding other initial actions.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a spinal cord injury at C5 is experiencing respiratory distress. Which intervention should the nurse perform first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: C5 SCI with respiratory distress (diaphragm impairment) requires preparing for intubation (B) first to secure the airway. Oxygen (A), suctioning (C), or positioning (D) follow. B is correct. Rationale: C5 affects phrenic nerve function; intubation ensures ventilation, per trauma airway priorities, preventing hypoxia.