ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with a spinal cord injury during the immediate postinjury period. Which is the priority focus of nursing care during this immediate phase?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the immediate post-SCI period, avoiding spine flexion or hyperextension (C) prevents further damage. UTIs (A) and contractures (B) are later concerns. Rehabilitation (D) is long-term. C is correct. Rationale: Spine stabilization is critical to limit cord injury progression, a priority in acute SCI management, per trauma protocols, ensuring neurological preservation over secondary or chronic care goals.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with a traumatic brain injury who has a ventriculostomy in place. Which finding indicates a complication that requires immediate reporting?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Yellowish drainage (D) from a ventriculostomy suggests infection (e.g., meningitis), needing immediate reporting. Clear fluid (A) is normal CSF. ICP 18 (B) is borderline. Fever (C) is nonspecific. D is correct. Rationale: Infection risks brain damage, requiring antibiotics, per neurosurgical care, a critical complication.
Question 3 of 5
The physician writes an order for 'progressive ambulation, as tolerated.' The RN writes an order for 'Dangle for 5 min. 12 h post op and stand at bedside 24 h post op.' The LVN assigned to care for this client should do which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For an LVN following orders for progressive ambulation, checking vital signs before dangling or standing is essential to ensure client safety. Post-operative clients may experience instability like low blood pressure making assessment critical before activity. Calling the physician or State Board is unnecessary unless orders conflict, and client agreement alone doesn't guarantee safety. This action aligns with the LVN's role in monitoring and implementing care, preventing complications like syncope while adhering to the RN's specific directives.
Question 4 of 5
You are working with a client who has cancer and is undergoing treatment. The client complains of a loss of appetite. You will most need to make certain that your client eats which one of the following foods?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a cancer client with poor appetite, protein is most critical to maintain muscle mass and support healing during treatment. Fruits and vegetables offer vitamins, and carbohydrates provide energy, but protein deficiency risks wasting, common in cancer. Nurses prioritize this nutrient to bolster resilience against treatment side effects.
Question 5 of 5
The physician of your assigned client tells you that the client has a heart murmur that can be detected by direct auscultation. You realize that the physician is telling you which of the following things?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Direct auscultation means using a stethoscope to hear a murmur, standard for heart sounds. Ear alone, ultrasound, or Doppler aren't implied. Nurses apply this in cardiac exams.