ATI LPN
Renal System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 73-year-old patient with a urethral obstruction related to prostatic enlargement. When planning this patients care, the nurse should be aware of the consequent risk of what complication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urethral obstruction from BPH increases UTI risk (A) due to urine stasis. Enuresis (B), polyuria (C), and proteinuria (D) aren't directly linked, making A the primary complication.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with substance use disorder is in withdrawal. The nurse prioritizes which intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Managing withdrawal symptoms is critical to ensure safety during detoxification.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with ESKD receives continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The nurse observes that the dialysate drainage fluid is cloudy. What is the nurses most appropriate action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peritonitis is the most common and serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. The first sign of peritonitis is cloudy dialysate drainage fluid, so prompt reporting to the primary care provider and rapid assessment for other signs of infection are warranted. Administration of an IV bolus is not necessary or appropriate and the physician would determine whether removal of the catheter is required. Flushing the catheter does not address the risk for infection.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with glomerulonephritis asks how they could have gotten it. How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glomerulonephritis is often linked to streptococcal infections.
Question 5 of 5
The renal cortex contains:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The renal cortex, the outer kidney layer, contains glomeruli and tubules, not pyramids (A), papillae (B), or calyces (C), which are in the medulla or pelvis. ‘None of the preceding' (D) fits, as these structures are absent from the cortex, making D correct.