A nurse is caring for 4 clients who are scheduled for diagnostic tests. For which of the following tests should the nurse obtain written consent from the client?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Written consent is required for invasive procedures with significant risks. A cerebral arteriogram, involving arterial contrast injection to visualize brain vessels, is invasive risking bleeding, stroke, or allergic reaction necessitating informed consent to ensure the client understands and agrees. Chest X-ray, blood draw, and urinalysis are non-invasive or minimally so, typically covered by general admission consent, not requiring separate written agreement unless special circumstances apply. The arteriogram's invasiveness and potential complications demand explicit, documented consent, aligning with legal and ethical standards to protect autonomy and ensure comprehension, distinguishing it as the nurse's priority for consent among these tests.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A PICC line, a long-term central venous access, requires meticulous care to prevent clotting and infection. Flushing the line with heparin as prescribed typically 10 units/mL per facility protocol ensures patency by preventing thrombus formation, a critical maintenance step to sustain functionality for medications or fluids. Measuring blood pressure in the PICC arm risks dislodgement or occlusion from cuff pressure, contraindicated in practice. Changing the dressing weekly is routine but not the priority action here flushing addresses immediate patency. Using a 3-mL syringe generates excessive pressure, risking catheter rupture 10-mL syringes are standard for safety. Heparin flushing aligns with evidence-based guidelines, balancing efficacy and risk, reinforcing the nurse's role in preventing complications like line blockage, ensuring uninterrupted therapy, and maintaining client safety in a procedure with significant implications if mismanaged.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: People vary in task/ego goals , not uniform, task-only, or ego-only. Nurse leaders like balancing effort see this, contrasting with rigidity. In healthcare, it reflects motivation, aligning leadership with diversity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: All influence, motivate, enable define leadership. Nurse leaders like inspiring teams do this, contrasting with single traits. In healthcare, it's comprehensive, aligning leadership with impact.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: These skills operating computers, comparing data over time, and identifying treatment response patterns are informatics competencies, which encompass the abilities nurses need to effectively use technology and data in patient care. Informatics goes beyond basic computer operation to include analyzing and interpreting data for clinical insights, essential in modern evidence-based practice. JCAHO standards set healthcare quality benchmarks but don't specify these skills. Information systems are the tools, not the competencies. Nursing licensure requirements ensure basic practice eligibility, not advanced data skills. Informatics competencies are critical for leveraging technology to improve outcomes, aligning with the tasks described.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: All skills communication, listening, attitude aid interaction. Nurse leaders like patient talks use these, contrasting with single skills. In healthcare, holistic interaction builds trust, aligning leadership with connection.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: With lithium in bipolar disorder, confusion signals toxicity urgent versus tremors, nausea, or thirst, which are common. High levels impair the brain confusion needs prompt MD review, unlike manageable effects. Leadership stresses this imagine disorientation; it prompts action, aligning with psych care effectively. This reflects nursing's vigilance in monitoring mood stabilizer safety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Integrity encompasses honesty and responsibility, unlike personality, intelligence, or flexibility. Nurse managers like owning errors embody this, contrasting with mere smarts. It's vital in healthcare for trust, aligning leadership with ethical practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Attentive listening avoids premature excitement, unlike appreciative, critical, or none. Nurse leaders like patient focus practice this, contrasting with bias. In healthcare, it ensures clarity, aligning leadership with patience.