ATI LPN
Immune System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a toddler who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following objective data should the nurse anticipate collecting from the child?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elevated blood pressure. In nephrotic syndrome, there is a loss of protein in the urine, leading to hypoalbuminemia and fluid retention, which can result in elevated blood pressure. This is due to the body's attempt to maintain fluid balance. Option B is incorrect because in nephrotic syndrome, serum cholesterol and fat levels are typically elevated, not lower than normal. Option C is incorrect as 3+ to 4+ protein in the urine is indicative of proteinuria, a common finding in nephrotic syndrome. Option D is incorrect as thin limbs with loose skin are not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
A school-age client is recovering after abdominal surgery. The nurse is planning care for the return of bowel function. Which intervention should be included in the client’s plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D - Ambulate 3-4 times a day. Ambulation helps stimulate peristalsis and aids in the return of bowel function after abdominal surgery. Walking promotes movement in the abdomen, preventing complications like ileus. Fowler's position (choice A) may help with breathing but does not directly impact bowel function. Choosing a low-fat diet (choice B) is important for overall health but does not directly promote bowel function. Having a commode at the bedside (choice C) is convenient but does not actively facilitate the return of bowel function like ambulation does.
Question 3 of 5
The mother of an infant born prematurely at 32 weeks expresses the desire to breastfeed her child. The nurse correctly responds with which statement when the mother asks how long she should breastfeed her baby?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Breast milk should be the only food for the first 6 months." This is based on the WHO recommendation that exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life provides optimal nutrition and protection for infants. Breast milk contains essential nutrients and antibodies crucial for the premature infant's growth and immune system development. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Introducing solid foods too early can be harmful to a premature infant's digestive system. B: While some mothers breastfeed for 2 years, it is not a specific guideline for premature infants. C: Breastfeeding for at least a month is not sufficient; exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months is recommended for all infants, including premature ones.
Question 4 of 5
What is helpful to tell a mother who is concerned about preventing sleep problems in her 2-year-old child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Use a nightlight in the child’s room. This answer is correct because a nightlight can provide a sense of security for the child and help alleviate any fear of the dark, which is a common issue for young children. It can also help the child feel more comfortable and relaxed, promoting better sleep. Choice A is incorrect as always sleeping in a quiet, darkened room may not address the child's fear of the dark. Choice B is incorrect as high-carbohydrate snacks before bedtime can actually disrupt sleep. Choice C is incorrect as eliminating the afternoon nap may lead to overtiredness, making it harder for the child to fall asleep at night.
Question 5 of 5
Decreasing the demands on the heart is a priority in care for the infant with congestive heart failure (CHF). In evaluating the infant’s status, which of the following is indicative of achieving this goal?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Appropriate weight gain for age. In congestive heart failure, decreasing the demands on the heart is crucial. Appropriate weight gain indicates good cardiac output and effective management of fluid retention. Irritability (choice A) can be a sign of distress, capillary refill of more than 5 seconds (choice B) indicates poor perfusion, and positioning in high Fowler position (choice D) is more related to respiratory support rather than decreasing demands on the heart.