ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Fundamentals Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with meal planning for a client who has been prescribed a mechanical soft diet. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Orange slices. The rationale behind this is that citrus fruits like oranges can be too acidic and challenging for individuals on a mechanical soft diet to digest comfortably. The acidic nature of oranges can irritate sensitive stomachs or oral tissues, which is why they are best avoided in this dietary plan. Looking at the other options: A) Applesauce: This is a suitable option for a mechanical soft diet as it is easy to chew and swallow. B) Mashed potatoes: Another appropriate choice for a mechanical soft diet as they are soft and easy to digest. D) Soft bread: While some types of bread may be more difficult to chew, soft bread can be included in a mechanical soft diet. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind food choices in specific diets is crucial for nurses to provide optimal care to their patients. By grasping the impact of different foods on digestion and comfort levels, nurses can effectively assist clients in adhering to their prescribed dietary restrictions and promoting their overall health and well-being.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a narcotic medication. After administration, the nurse is left with an unused portion. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Discard the medication with another nurse as a witness. This practice aligns with medication safety protocols and regulations. When a nurse has an unused portion of a narcotic medication, it is crucial to ensure proper disposal to prevent misuse or unauthorized access. Discarding the medication with another nurse as a witness promotes accountability and reduces the risk of diversion. Option A) Discard the medication in the trash is incorrect because disposing of controlled substances in the regular trash can lead to environmental contamination and poses a risk of diversion. Option B) Return the medication to the pharmacy is incorrect as pharmacies generally do not accept returned controlled substances due to legal and safety reasons. Option D) Store the medication for future use is incorrect as it can lead to unauthorized access, potential errors, and violates medication handling policies. Educationally, understanding the proper disposal of unused medications, especially controlled substances, is vital for nursing practice. It ensures patient safety, prevents drug diversion, and upholds legal and ethical standards. Nurses must be knowledgeable about medication management guidelines to maintain a safe healthcare environment and protect patients and the community from potential harm.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is performing a focused assessment for a client who has dysrhythmias. What indicates ineffective cardiac contractions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Pulse deficit, indicating ineffective cardiac contractions. A pulse deficit occurs when the heart is not pumping effectively enough to generate a palpable pulse for every heartbeat. This discrepancy suggests that not all heart contractions are resulting in the ejection of blood into the peripheral circulation, indicating ineffective cardiac contractions. Option A) Increased blood pressure does not specifically indicate ineffective cardiac contractions. While dysrhythmias can impact blood pressure, it is not a direct indicator of ineffective contractions. Option C) Normal heart rate also does not directly indicate ineffective cardiac contractions. A normal heart rate may still be present even if there are issues with the effectiveness of contractions. Option D) Elevated oxygen saturation is not a typical indicator of ineffective cardiac contractions. Oxygen saturation levels can be influenced by various factors, but they do not directly reflect the effectiveness of cardiac contractions. Educationally, understanding the significance of pulse deficit in assessing cardiac function is crucial for nurses caring for patients with dysrhythmias. Recognizing this sign can prompt timely interventions and further evaluation to address potential cardiac issues. Nurses must be able to differentiate between various assessment findings to provide appropriate care and ensure positive patient outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to transfer a client from a chair to the bed. The client can bear partial weight and has upper body strength. Which device should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct device for transferring a client who can bear partial weight and has upper body strength is option B, a stand-assist lift. A stand-assist lift provides support and assistance for individuals who can partially bear weight but need assistance with the transfer. It helps maintain the client's safety and reduces the risk of injury to both the client and the nurse during the transfer process. Option A, a wheelchair, is not the most appropriate device for transferring a client who can bear partial weight as it does not provide the necessary support for a safe transfer from a chair to the bed. Option C, a transfer belt, is helpful for providing stability and assistance during transfers, but it may not be sufficient for a client who can only bear partial weight and requires more support. Option D, a slide board, is useful for transferring clients who are unable to bear weight on their lower extremities but may not be the best choice for a client who can bear partial weight and has upper body strength, as it may not provide enough support during the transfer process. Educationally, understanding the appropriate assistive devices for transfers is crucial for nurses to ensure the safety and well-being of their clients. It is essential to match the device to the client's specific needs and abilities to facilitate safe and effective transfers while minimizing the risk of injury.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer several medications to a client through an NG tube. Which actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In administering medications through an NG tube, the nurse should dissolve crushed tablet medications in sterile water, as indicated by option C. This is because using sterile water helps prevent contamination and reduces the risk of infection in the client. Tap water, as suggested in option A, is not sterile and can introduce harmful microorganisms into the client's system. Using 30-40 mL of sterile water for each medication, as in option B, may not provide enough fluid to adequately dissolve the medication. Option D, administering medications without dissolving them, is incorrect as it can lead to tube occlusion and potential harm to the client. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the proper procedures for administering medications through an NG tube to ensure patient safety and optimal therapeutic outcomes. By following evidence-based practices such as dissolving crushed tablets in sterile water, nurses can minimize the risks associated with medication administration via NG tubes and provide high-quality care to their clients.