ATI LPN
Perioperative Care Fundamentals Practice Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assigned to assist in caring for a client who recently returned from the operating room. On data collection, the nurse notes that the client's vital signs are as follows: blood pressure (BP) 102/62 mm Hg, pulse 91 beats per minute, respirations 16 breaths per minute. Preoperative vital signs were BP 124/78 mm Hg, pulse 74 beats per minute, respirations 20 breaths per minute. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recheck the vital signs in 15 minutes,' as a slight BP drop and pulse rise are common postop, warranting monitoring unlike 'call surgeon' (B), premature, 'warm blanket' (C), or 'arouse' (D), secondary. In nursing, reassessment guides action; A aligns with NCLEX Perioperative, prioritizing observation.
Question 2 of 5
Which postoperative interventions will the nurse typically teach a patient to prevent complications following surgery? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Postoperative teaching includes incision splinting , range-of-motion exercises , and deep-breathing exercises (choice E, not listed) to prevent complications like dehiscence, thrombosis, and atelectasis. Massaging legs risks emboli; delaying pain meds hinders recovery. The rationale emphasizes prevention: splinting supports wounds during coughing, reducing dehiscence; exercises promote circulation and lung expansion. Nursing educates to empower self-care, contrasting risky (massage) or ineffective (pain delay) actions, ensuring optimal healing and complication avoidance.
Question 3 of 5
Which factors may lead to an anesthetic overdose in a patient? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anesthetic overdose factors include slowed metabolism , older age , fat retention , and liver/kidney disease (choice E, not listed). Uncooperative behavior affects management, not overdose. The rationale explains pharmacokinetics: elderly patients and those with impaired liver/kidney function metabolize drugs slower, accumulating anesthetics; fat stores retain lipophilic agents, prolonging effects. Nursing monitors these risks, adjusting care (e.g., dosing, ventilation), ensuring safety, distinct from behavioral challenges.
Question 4 of 5
The patient in the OR holding area tells the nurse that his surgery is for the right foot. The patient's chart states that the surgery is for his left foot. What is the nurse's best action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse notifies the surgeon immediately to resolve the discrepancy, preventing wrong-site surgery. Ignoring , noting , or delegating delays action. The rationale prioritizes safety: premedication may confuse patients, but chart-patient mismatches require verification with the surgeon, per Joint Commission standards. Nursing halts progression, ensuring accuracy, critical for avoiding irreversible errors, distinct from passive or misdirected responses.
Question 5 of 5
A 49-year-old patient is in the PACU following a frontal craniotomy for repair of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. The nurse assesses that the patient's eyes open on verbal stimulation. Pupils are equal, reactive to light, and diameter is 3 mm. The patient's hand grasps are equal and strong. When the nurse asks the patient to state name, the patient states name correctly. The patient has had one episode of nausea and vomiting. Incision edges are dry and approximated with sutures. Lung sounds are slightly diminished per auscultation and the nurse observes the patient is using abdominal accessory muscles to breathe. Which body systems has the nurse assessed? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessed systems include neurologic (choice C, pupils, grasps, orientation), respiratory (choice E, lung sounds), gastrointestinal (choice B, nausea), and integumentary (choice D, incision). Cardiovascular isn't noted. The rationale connects findings: neuro checks assess brain function post-craniotomy; lung sounds and breathing pattern evaluate oxygenation; nausea signals GI status; incision monitors healing. Nursing ensures brain and systemic stability, distinct from unassessed areas.