A nurse inadvertently infuses an IV solution containing potassium chloride too rapidly. Which of the following is an appropriate intervention advised by the physician?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rapid potassium chloride infusion risks hyperkalemia, causing cardiac arrhythmias. Insulin with dextrose shifts potassium into cells, lowering serum levels quickly and safely. Ringer's or normal saline dilutes but doesn't correct potassium directly. Albumin addresses oncotic pressure, not electrolytes. Nurses act swiftly, monitoring ECG and levels, reversing toxicity to prevent life-threatening complications like asystole.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on minimizing complications and optimizing function once a disease is established, such as rehabilitation or managing chronic conditions to prevent further deterioration. In nursing, this might involve wound care to prevent infection in a diabetic patient or physical therapy post-stroke. Primary prevention, like vaccinations, aims to prevent disease onset entirely, not address existing conditions. Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment, such as screenings, to halt progression, not minimize complications. Illness prevention is vague and not a standard term, often overlapping with primary efforts, but lacks the specificity of tertiary care's focus on existing disease. Tertiary prevention aligns with the question's intent, emphasizing interventions that reduce the impact of an already-diagnosed condition, ensuring patients maintain the highest possible quality of life despite their illness, a key aspect of holistic nursing practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Competent intervention requires knowledge (theory, e.g., drug effects), function (practical application, e.g., administration), and specific skills (techniques, e.g., injections). This trio ensures safe, effective care e.g., giving antibiotics demands understanding, execution, and precision. Leadership, autonomy, and skills mix role traits with ability, missing function's practical focus leadership coordinates, not implements. Experience, advanced education, and skills enhance competence, but experience isn't a core area; it builds on knowledge, while education overlaps. Skills, leadership, and finances are disjointed finances aren't clinical, and leadership is broader. Knowledge, function, and skills form a cohesive base, enabling nurses to act proficiently across scenarios, aligning with standards for intervention delivery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Remittent fever features temperature spikes and drops above 38°C, fluctuating daily but never normalizing (e.g., 38.5°C to 39.5°C), common in infections like typhoid. Constant temperature above 38°C with little change is sustained fever, not remittent lacking variation. Spikes with normal returns within 24 hours suggest intermittent fever (e.g., malaria). Periods of fever with normal intervals also fit intermittent, not remittent, which stays elevated. Remittent's persistent elevation with swings distinguishes it, aiding nurses in monitoring and reporting patterns, making this the accurate definition for care planning.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Insulin is produced by the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.