A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who reports a decrease in the effectiveness of their arthritis medication. Which of the following client information should the nurse identify as a contributing factor?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, option A, "The client has a history of recurring bowel inflammation," is the correct answer as a contributing factor to the decreased effectiveness of the arthritis medication. Bowel inflammation can impact the absorption and metabolism of medications in the gastrointestinal tract, potentially reducing the effectiveness of the arthritis medication. Option B, "The client has recently increased their exercise regimen," is less likely to directly impact the effectiveness of the medication unless there is a specific interaction between the exercise regimen and the medication. Option C, "The client is taking herbal supplements," could potentially interact with the arthritis medication, but without specific information on the herbal supplements being taken, it is not the most direct contributing factor in this case. Option D, "The client is experiencing increased stress," while stress can impact overall health and potentially exacerbate arthritis symptoms, it is not a direct contributing factor to the decreased effectiveness of the medication in this context. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of considering a client's full health history, including coexisting conditions like bowel inflammation, when assessing medication effectiveness. It underscores the need for nurses to be aware of potential interactions and factors that can influence medication outcomes in their practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In teaching about safety risks for adolescents, it is crucial to emphasize the impact of peer influence on engaging in high-risk behaviors leading to potential injuries. Option B is correct because during adolescence, peers play a significant role in decision-making, often encouraging risky behaviors. By highlighting this, nurses can help adolescents understand the importance of making informed choices despite peer pressure. Option A is incorrect because adolescents are known to test boundaries and may not always follow rules, especially when influenced by peers. Option C is incorrect as most injuries in adolescents occur outside of sports activities, such as accidents related to risky behaviors or substance use. Option D is also incorrect because while adolescents may be aware of the dangers of substance use, they may still engage in such behaviors due to various factors like peer pressure or lack of maturity in decision-making. In an educational context, teaching about safety risks for adolescents should focus on providing practical strategies for making safe choices, understanding peer influence, and developing critical thinking skills to navigate risky situations effectively. Adolescents need to be empowered with knowledge and skills to resist peer pressure and make informed decisions to safeguard their well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Orange slices. The rationale behind this is that citrus fruits like oranges can be too acidic and challenging for individuals on a mechanical soft diet to digest comfortably. The acidic nature of oranges can irritate sensitive stomachs or oral tissues, which is why they are best avoided in this dietary plan. Looking at the other options: A) Applesauce: This is a suitable option for a mechanical soft diet as it is easy to chew and swallow. B) Mashed potatoes: Another appropriate choice for a mechanical soft diet as they are soft and easy to digest. D) Soft bread: While some types of bread may be more difficult to chew, soft bread can be included in a mechanical soft diet. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind food choices in specific diets is crucial for nurses to provide optimal care to their patients. By grasping the impact of different foods on digestion and comfort levels, nurses can effectively assist clients in adhering to their prescribed dietary restrictions and promoting their overall health and well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of nursing and healthcare, understanding risk factors for developing infections is crucial for providing quality care to older adult clients. In this scenario, option B, lowered immune system function, is the correct answer. As individuals age, their immune systems naturally weaken, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections. This makes older adults more vulnerable to various pathogens and illnesses. Options A, increased physical activity, C, regular health screenings, and D, proper nutrition, are incorrect in this context. While physical activity, health screenings, and nutrition are essential components of overall health and well-being, they do not directly correlate with the risk of developing infections in older adult clients. The primary focus here should be on the physiological changes associated with aging that compromise the immune system's ability to fight off infections effectively. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the unique healthcare needs of older adult populations. Nurses must be knowledgeable about age-related changes in the body and how these changes impact the risk of infections. By identifying and addressing specific risk factors, nurses can implement preventive measures and interventions to promote the health and well-being of older adults in their care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Discard the medication with another nurse as a witness. This practice aligns with medication safety protocols and regulations. When a nurse has an unused portion of a narcotic medication, it is crucial to ensure proper disposal to prevent misuse or unauthorized access. Discarding the medication with another nurse as a witness promotes accountability and reduces the risk of diversion. Option A) Discard the medication in the trash is incorrect because disposing of controlled substances in the regular trash can lead to environmental contamination and poses a risk of diversion. Option B) Return the medication to the pharmacy is incorrect as pharmacies generally do not accept returned controlled substances due to legal and safety reasons. Option D) Store the medication for future use is incorrect as it can lead to unauthorized access, potential errors, and violates medication handling policies. Educationally, understanding the proper disposal of unused medications, especially controlled substances, is vital for nursing practice. It ensures patient safety, prevents drug diversion, and upholds legal and ethical standards. Nurses must be knowledgeable about medication management guidelines to maintain a safe healthcare environment and protect patients and the community from potential harm.