A nurse in a clinic is assessing the lower extremities and ankles of a client who has a history of peripheral arterial disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dry, pale skin with minimal body hair. In peripheral arterial disease, there is reduced blood flow to the extremities, leading to decreased oxygen and nutrients reaching the skin and hair follicles, resulting in dry, pale skin and reduced body hair. The lack of blood flow causes skin to appear pale due to reduced oxygenation. Additionally, decreased blood flow can lead to reduced hair growth. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Warm, red skin is more indicative of inflammation or infection. Swollen ankles are often seen in conditions such as heart failure or venous insufficiency. Thickened toenails are commonly seen in fungal infections or trauma to the nails.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To manage acute gout attacks. NSAIDs are commonly used in managing gout due to their anti-inflammatory properties, helping to reduce pain and swelling during acute attacks. NSAIDs do not treat osteoporosis (A), increase platelet production (C), or stimulate appetite (D). It is important to choose NSAIDs carefully based on individual factors such as medical history and potential side effects.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hair loss. Leflunomide is known to cause hair loss as a side effect due to its impact on the hair follicles. This is a common adverse reaction and can occur in some individuals taking leflunomide. Pulmonary fibrosis (B), retinal damage (C), and hepatotoxicity (D) are not typically associated with leflunomide use. Pulmonary fibrosis is more commonly linked to certain medications like methotrexate, while retinal damage and hepatotoxicity are not common side effects of leflunomide.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Methotrexate. Methotrexate is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and systemic luplupus erythematosus. It works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system. Methotrexate is considered a first-line treatment for these conditions due to its efficacy and safety profile. Explanation of other choices: B: Hydroxychloroquine is primarily used to treat malaria and certain autoimmune conditions like lupus, but it is not typically the first choice for rheumatoid arthritis. C: Leflunomide is another DMARD used for rheumatoid arthritis, but it is not commonly used for systemic lupus erythematosus. D: Adalimumab is a biologic DMARD used for rheumatoid arthritis, but it is not typically used for systemic lupus erythematosus.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because using baby powder is not a recommended self-care measure for someone with lupus. The rationale is that individuals with lupus are sensitive to sunlight (choice A) and should avoid it, should manage fatigue by grouping activities (choice C), and should prioritize rest (choice D) to manage symptoms. Baby powder does not play a role in managing lupus symptoms and could potentially worsen skin irritation.