A nurse caring for a patient with an infectious disease who requires isolation should refer to guidelines published by the:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The CDC provides authoritative isolation guidelines.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Helen Erickson, Evelyn Tomlin, and Mary Ann Swain's Modeling and Role-Modeling Theory, from the 1980s, sees nurses modeling health behaviors e.g., demonstrating stress management while role-modeling adapts care to patient needs. Neuman's stressors, Newman's health expansion, and Benner's expertise differ. This theory fosters patient growth through tailored nursing, influencing holistic and adaptive care approaches.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Martha Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings (1970s) asserts humans are wholes greater than their parts e.g., Anne Boleyn's dignity persisted post-beheading. Unlike Roy's adaptation, Henderson's needs, or Johnson's behavior, Rogers' wholistic view influences nursing's focus on indivisible patient worth, shaping holistic care philosophies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Upper and Lower GI series target the digestive system, fitting the body system framework e.g., assessing stomach function. Functional (ADLs), head-to-toe (full exam), and cephalocaudal (top-down) are broader or differently structured. This organ-specific approach aids nurses in pinpointing GI issues for targeted care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Normal respiration has an inspiration-to-expiration ratio of 1:2 e.g., 1-second inhale, 2-second exhale reflecting passive expiration's longer phase. Other ratios (2:1, 4:3, 1:1) don't match physiology. Nurses observe this e.g., counting breaths for baseline assessment, per respiratory mechanics.