A nurse caring for a client who has an immunosuppressive disorder knows that continual monitoring of the client is critical. What is the primary rationale behind the need for continual monitoring?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Continual monitoring is crucial for early detection and treatment of infections in clients with immunosuppressive disorders. By closely observing the client's condition, the nurse can identify subtle signs of infection early, allowing prompt intervention to prevent complications. Choices A, B, and D do not directly address the primary rationale for monitoring immunosuppressed clients. Meeting functional needs, administering medications, and maintaining accurate documentation are important but not as critical as detecting and treating infections promptly in this population.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Megestrol. Megestrol is a synthetic progestin that has been found to promote significant weight gain in clients with AIDS-related wasting syndrome by increasing body fat stores. It stimulates appetite and can lead to improved food intake, resulting in weight gain. Psyllium (A) is a bulk-forming laxative, Momordica charantia (B) is a plant used in traditional medicine with no proven weight gain effects, and Ranitidine (D) is a medication used to reduce stomach acid production, none of which promote weight gain in clients with AIDS.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hemoglobin. In polycythemia vera, there is an overproduction of red blood cells, leading to high levels of hemoglobin. This condition is characterized by an increased viscosity of blood. Erythropoietin (B) levels are usually low in polycythemia vera due to the negative feedback mechanism. Sodium (C) and potassium (D) levels are typically not directly affected by polycythemia vera.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Children with iron deficiency anemia are more susceptible to infection than are other children. Iron is essential for the immune system function, and its deficiency can weaken the body's ability to fight infections. This is why children with iron deficiency anemia are more prone to infections compared to those without the condition. Choice A is incorrect because studies have shown a clear link between iron-deficiency anemia and increased susceptibility to infections in children. Choice C is incorrect as iron deficiency impairs the immune system, making children more susceptible to infections. Choice D is incorrect as research supports that children with iron deficiency anemia have a higher risk of infections due to compromised immune function.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemolytic anemia. An elevated reticulocyte count indicates increased production of red blood cells by the bone marrow in response to their destruction. In hemolytic anemia, red blood cells are being destroyed prematurely, leading to compensatory reticulocytosis. Aplastic anemia (A) is characterized by bone marrow suppression with decreased production of all blood cells, including reticulocytes. An infectious process (C) typically does not cause an elevated reticulocyte count. Leukemia (D) is a disorder of the white blood cells and does not directly impact red blood cell production.