ATI LPN
Renal System Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse cares for a middle-aged female client with diabetes mellitus who is being treated for the third episode of acute pyelonephritis in the past year. The client asks, 'What can I do to help prevent these infections?' How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased water and frequent voiding prevent urine stasis, reducing pyelonephritis risk.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to give a dose of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and learns that the patient takes warfarin (Coumadin). The nurse will request an order for
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: TMP-SMX increases warfarin's anticoagulant effect, necessitating coagulation monitoring.
Question 3 of 5
Effective renal plasma flow is best measured using:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PAH is used to measure effective renal plasma flow as it is secreted by the kidneys.
Question 4 of 5
A 25 year old football player is admitted to the ER for a sudden onset of right lower back pain and frank hematuria. He recalls being aggressively tackled 'from the right' by a linebacker from the opposing team. His past medical history reveals no previous medical complaints besides his childhood routine immunizations. On examination, there is bruising over the right costovertebral angle and tenderness over the right flank. His vitals are: BP 128/70, pulse 94 bpm, T 98°, RR 16, SpO2: 99%. His BUN is 9 mg/dL and his Creatinine is 1.0 mg/dL. What is the best imaging modality to be used if there are no contraindications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Contrast CT excels at detecting renal trauma, lacerations, and hematomas effectively.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse cares for a client who is recovering from a closed percutaneous kidney biopsy. The client states, 'My pain has suddenly increased from a 3 to a 10 on a scale of 0 to 10.' Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sudden pain may signal hemorrhage; checking vital signs assesses stability first.