ATI LPN
Renal System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse cares for a client with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The client asks, 'Will my children develop this disease?' How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ADPKD has a $50 \%$ inheritance risk per child, accurately reflecting its autosomal dominant nature.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who will begin taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) asks the nurse why the combination drug is necessary. The nurse will explain that the combination is used to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: TMP-SMX combination reduces resistance, enhancing effectiveness against bacteria.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been taking spironolactone (Aldactone) to treat heart failure. The nurse will monitor for
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, risks hyperkalemia in heart failure.
Question 4 of 5
Which condition increases glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased renal blood flow raises GFR by enhancing glomerular capillary pressure.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse cares for a client with diabetes mellitus who is prescribed metformin (Glucophage) and is scheduled for an intravenous urography. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin with dye risks lactic acidosis; stopping it is the priority.