A newborn boy appears with ambiguous genitalia and

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

A newborn boy appears with ambiguous genitalia and a 46,XY karyotype. Labs reveal low testosterone and elevated LH/FSH. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia B. Androgen insensitivity syndrome C. Gonadal dysgenesis D. 5-alpha reductase deficiency

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Gonadal dysgenesis fits XY karyotype, low testosterone, and high gonadotropins, per AAP (doc p149, Q571).

A 10-year-old boy appears with short stature and delayed puberty. Labs reveal low IGF-1 and normal GH after stimulation. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Growth hormone deficiency B. Hypothyroidism C. Turner syndrome D. Constitutional delay

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Growth hormone deficiency fits short stature and low IGF-1, per AAP (doc p151, Q603).

A 4-year-old boy presents with fever and a swollen knee. Aspiration shows gram-negative bacilli. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Septic arthritis B. Reactive arthritis C. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis D. Osteomyelitis

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Septic arthritis fits fever and gram-negative bacilli, per AAP. B-E lack infection.

A 6-year-old boy presents with fatigue and pallor. Labs show hemoglobin of 7 g/dL and reticulocytosis. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Iron deficiency anemia B. Sickle cell disease C. Hemolytic anemia D. Thalassemia

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hemolytic anemia fits pallor and reticulocytosis, per ASH. A-D differ in labs.

A 2-year-old boy presents with fever and vesicles in the mouth. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Herpangina B. Hand-foot-mouth disease C. Chickenpox D. Measles

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: HFMD features oral vesicles, per CDC. A, C-E differ.

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