ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Practice Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
A mother of a 3-year-old hospitalized with lead poisoning asks the nurse to explain the treatment for her daughter. The nurse's explanation is based on the knowledge that lead poisoning is treated with:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lead poisoning is treated with chelating agents like succimer or EDTA, which bind lead in the bloodstream, facilitating its excretion and reducing toxicity a standard protocol for elevated blood levels. Gastric lavage or charcoal addresses acute ingestion, not chronic exposure common in children, while antiemetics manage symptoms, not the cause. Nurses explain this to parents, emphasizing chelation's role in reversing neurological and systemic damage, ensuring understanding of the treatment's purpose and process.
Question 2 of 5
The physician has ordered cultures for cytomegalovirus (CMV). Which statement is true regarding collection of cultures for cytomegalovirus?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Accurate CMV diagnosis relies on fresh specimens (e.g., urine, saliva), as the virus's viability drops quickly, critical for PCR or culture confirmation unlike stool, pregnant staff safety, or single samples. Nurses ensure prompt lab delivery, protecting immunocompromised clients from missed detection.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of renal failure is admitted with shortness of breath and substernal chest pain. Which of the following laboratory values should be reported to the physician immediately?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Potassium 6.2 mEq/L (normal 3.5-5.0) in renal failure with chest pain and dyspnea signals hyperkalemia, risking cardiac arrhythmias urgent for physician report. Creatinine elevation is expected, hemoglobin and sodium are normal. Nurses flag this, as it ties to symptoms, prompting ECG and potassium-lowering measures.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. To prevent ulceration of the nares while the tube is in place, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Applying water-soluble lubricant to the nares prevents ulceration with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube, reducing friction oil-based lubricants risk aspiration, tight taping increases pressure, and peroxide irritates. Nurses maintain nasal care, ensuring comfort and preventing tissue breakdown during esophageal varices treatment.
Question 5 of 5
The mother of a child with cystic fibrosis tells the nurse that her child makes 'snoring' sounds when breathing. The nurse is aware that many children with cystic fibrosis have:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nasal polyps often cause snoring-like sounds in cystic fibrosis kids, due to chronic sinus inflammation choanal atresia is congenital, septal deviations and adenoids less linked. Nurses recognize this, teaching airway clearance, supporting respiratory health in this genetic condition.