ATI LPN
Emergency Care Pediatrics Questions
Question 1 of 5
A mother brings her two-year-old child to the pediatric office for a sick visit. The child is seen regularly at the office and was last seen at her well-child visit two months ago. Based on this information, which is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should focus on the current illness reported by the mother, as the child has been regularly seen and assessed, making a comprehensive history or health promotion review less urgent.
Question 2 of 5
A 4-year-old child has been transferred to your Emergency Department from a rural hospital for an epidural hematoma. He was intubated for airway protection and ventilated en route to your hospital. On arrival, his initial vitals are as follows: heart rate 110 beats/minute, respiratory rate 16 breaths/minute, blood pressure 110/60 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation 85% on 100% FiO2. You notice the tube is quite deep in the patient's mouth. Approximately how many centimeters deep the ET tube should be?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The depth of an endotracheal tube in children is estimated as (age / 2) + 12 cm at the lips. For a 4-year-old, this is (4 / 2) + 12 = 14 cm, making 14 cm the appropriate depth.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following agents would be the best induction agent when intubating an asthmatic in severe respiratory distress?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ketamine is preferred in asthma due to its bronchodilatory effects and hemodynamic stability, aiding intubation in respiratory distress.
Question 4 of 5
An 11-month-old girl is brought to the Emergency Department for evaluation of fussiness and fever. She was taken to her primary care physician who diagnosed her with acute otitis media and started her on oral antibiotics. The patient has not been taking much in the way of oral fluids and has not eaten for the past day. She has had decreased wet diapers over the past 24 hours. Initial vital signs are as follows: temperature 102°F, heart rate 240 beats/minute, respiratory rate 45 breaths/minute, blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation 99% on room air. You administer a 20 ml/kg bolus and acetaminophen, but the heart rate remains at 240 beats/minute. A 12-lead electrocardiogram is obtained. What is the most appropriate next intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Persistent tachycardia at 240 bpm in an infant suggests supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Adenosine 0.1 mg/kg is the first-line treatment per PALS.
Question 5 of 5
A 4-year-old boy is brought to the ED by EMS after he was found altered, minimally responsive with cool and clammy extremities. His heart rate is 45 beats/minute, and blood pressure is 50/20 mmHg. He is awake and has a pulse on your examination. The paramedics placed an IV and administered 0.01 mg/kg epinephrine without response. The strip from EMS is shown below. What is the next treatment of choice?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptomatic bradycardia unresponsive to epinephrine requires atropine 0.02 mg/kg IV (minimum 0.1 mg) per PALS.