ATI LPN
Immune System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A mother asks when toilet training is most appropriately initiated. What would be the nurse’s best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because toilet training should be initiated when the child shows signs of physical and psychological readiness, such as staying dry for longer periods, showing interest in using the toilet, and being able to communicate their needs. This approach ensures a more successful and less stressful toilet training experience for both the child and the parent. Choice A is incorrect because starting toilet training based solely on age may not align with the child's individual readiness. Choice C is incorrect as walking ability does not necessarily indicate readiness for toilet training. Choice D is incorrect because the ability to sit on the potty for a specific time does not guarantee readiness for toilet training.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. In Tetralogy of Fallot, the four structural defects are: pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Pulmonary stenosis leads to decreased blood flow to the lungs, ventricular septal defect causes mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, overriding aorta results in blood from both ventricles entering the aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy occurs due to increased workload in pumping blood through the stenotic pulmonary valve. Choices B, C, and D do not include the correct combination of structural defects seen in Tetralogy of Fallot.
Question 3 of 5
An infant is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) for congestive heart failure. The baby’s apical heart rate is assessed at 80 beats/minute. What intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Obtain a therapeutic drug level. The rationale for this is that digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range, and monitoring drug levels is crucial to prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. By obtaining a drug level, the nurse can ensure that the infant is receiving the appropriate dose. A: Calling for a portable chest radiograph is not necessary for assessing the infant's heart rate in this scenario. C: Reassessing the heart rate in 30 minutes does not address the need to confirm the drug level for proper dosing. D: Administering digoxin immune Fab (Digibind) stat is a drastic measure for digoxin toxicity, which is not indicated based solely on the heart rate assessment at this time.
Question 4 of 5
Examples of granulocytes include all of the following except:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: monocyte. Granulocytes are a type of white blood cell characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are all examples of granulocytes. Monocytes, on the other hand, are agranulocytes, lacking these granules. Monocytes are known for their role in immune response and inflammation. Therefore, monocyte does not belong to the category of granulocytes.
Question 5 of 5
Vaccination is best described as prevention of severe disease by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because vaccination involves prior exposure to an infectious agent in an attenuated or weakened form. This exposure triggers the immune system to produce antibodies and memory cells, providing immunity against future infections. Choice A is incorrect as deliberately introducing a virulent strain can lead to severe disease instead of prevention. Choice C is incorrect as antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, not prevent viral diseases like vaccines. Choice D is incorrect as vaccines primarily stimulate adaptive immune responses, not innate immune responses.