A middle-aged client wants to know about the choices of over-the-counter drugs for treating flu symptoms. Which nonprescription drugs can the nurse suggest? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: For a middle-aged client with flu symptoms, the nurse suggests nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin, and acetaminophen as over-the-counter options. NSAIDs like ibuprofen reduce fever, pain, and inflammation from flu-related myalgia. Acetaminophen lowers fever and relieves aches, a staple for symptom relief. Aspirin, while effective for fever and pain, carries risks (e.g., stomach irritation), but remains an option for adults without contraindications. Antivirals like oseltamivir require prescriptions, not OTC, ruling them out. Antiemetics might help nausea but aren't core flu treatments. The nurse recommends these based on their accessibility and efficacy for fever, aches, and discomfort common flu complaints advising proper dosing and caution (e.g., aspirin's Reye's risk if misused). This empowers the client to manage symptoms safely at home, aligning with self-care goals for uncomplicated flu.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Resorption atelectasis is commonly seen with bronchial neoplasms (D), causing subtotal obstruction and often localized emphysema, though complete obstruction leads to atelectasis. Choice A is true; complete airway obstruction traps oxygen, which is resorbed, collapsing alveoli without impairing blood flow (Page 714). Choice B is false; mediastinum shifts toward the affected lung due to volume loss, not away (opposite of compressive atelectasis). Choice C is incorrect; it's reversible if obstruction clears (e.g., mucus plug removal), except in chronic contraction cases. Choice E (post-operative) is frequent but not the focus. Page 714 highlights neoplasms as a cause, with obstruction leading to resorption, distinguishing D as a frequent clinical scenario over the inaccurate B or C.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The hallmark of chronic bronchitis is mucus hypersecretion in large airways (A), from gland hypertrophy'. Choice B is false; goblet cells increase markedly in small airways, not main bronchi. Choice C is incorrect; infection maintains, not initiates, disease (smoking is primary). Choice D is true; smoke activates alveolar macrophages. Choice E (dysplasia to emphysema) oversimplifies. Page 722 defines A as the core feature excess mucus from hypertrophied glands and goblet cells clogs large airways, distinguishing it over B's location or C's causality.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Bronchiectasis shows airway dilation up to four times normal size (A), a hallmark of permanent damage. Choice B is false; it affects lower lobes (gravity-dependent). Choice C is incorrect; it's usually bilateral. Choice D is wrong; squamous metaplasia occurs. Choice E (variable histology) is true. Page 728 details A's dilation chronic inflammation/necrosis widens bronchi, with fibrosis or abscesses in severe cases, contrasting with B's lobe error or D's metaplasia denial.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is partly caused by Type III hypersensitivity (C), with immune complexes and Type IV granulomas. Choice A is false; it's distinct from asthma (alveolar focus). Choice B is incorrect; it's from organic dusts (e.g., fungi), not non-organic. Choice D is wrong; it's allergic alveolitis, not bronchiolitis. Choice E (non-caseating granulomas) is true. Page 739 details C's mechanism antigen-antibody complexes trigger inflammation (e.g., farmer's lung), distinguishing it over A's link or B's dust type.