A male client who has suffered a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is too weak to move on his own. To help the client avoid pressure ulcers, the nurse should:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A - Turn him frequently. Turning the client frequently helps redistribute pressure and prevents pressure ulcers. This action relieves pressure on specific areas of the body, promoting circulation and reducing the risk of tissue damage. Applying moisturizing lotion (choice B) may help with skin hydration but does not address the root cause of pressure ulcers. Increasing protein intake (choice C) is important for healing but does not directly prevent pressure ulcers. Using a pressure-relieving mattress (choice D) is beneficial, but turning the client is essential for effective pressure ulcer prevention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Scale. In psoriasis, scales are a common secondary lesion due to the rapid turnover of skin cells. The scaling appears as silvery-white plaques on red, inflamed skin. Scales are formed by the accumulation of dead skin cells on the skin surface. Crust (B) forms from dried serum, blood, or pus and is not typically associated with psoriasis. Fissure (C) is a linear crack in the skin that may occur in psoriasis but is not a primary characteristic. Ulcer (D) is a full-thickness loss of skin tissue and is not a typical secondary lesion in psoriasis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because cellulitis is a bacterial skin infection that involves the subcutaneous tissue and dermis. When bacteria enter through a break in the skin, it causes redness, swelling, warmth, and pain in the affected area. Choice A is incorrect as cellulitis is not caused by a fungal infection. Choice B is incorrect as cellulitis is not a viral rash. Choice D is incorrect as cellulitis is not a superficial abrasion but rather a deeper skin infection. Therefore, the characteristics of cellulitis align with choice C as it accurately describes the nature of the condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Leaving the lotion on until the next day and giving a bath is incorrect as per the treatment guidelines for scabies. The rationale is that permethrin lotion should be applied on dry skin and left on for 8-14 hours before washing off. This allows the medication to work effectively. Giving a bath right after applying the lotion can wash off the medication prematurely, reducing its efficacy. A: This statement is correct as it describes the correct application of Elimite from the nape of the neck to the toes, except on the genitals. C: This statement is correct as scabies treatment often requires a second application one week after the first to ensure all mites are eradicated. D: This statement is correct as it is recommended to give a warm soapy bath before applying the lotion to clean the skin.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ulcers. Secondary skin lesions are modifications or changes that result from primary skin lesions or external factors. Ulcers are a type of secondary skin lesion that involves loss of skin tissue, often due to underlying conditions like infections or vascular issues. Crusts (A), scales (B), and scars (C) are examples of primary skin lesions, not secondary. Crusts are dried blood or exudate on the skin surface, scales are flakes of skin, and scars are areas of fibrous tissue formed during the healing process. Ulcers are the only correct example of a secondary skin lesion in this context.