ATI LPN
Cardiovascular NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A lung mass of a 50 pack-year smoker is biopsied. If ADH levels were grossly increased, what would most likely be the histologic appearance of this mass?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Small cell lung cancer, common in heavy smokers, produces ADH (SIADH) and shows sheets of small, round, hyperchromatic cells on histology.
Question 2 of 5
What is the best action if a client with a history of heart failure prescribed spironolactone and lisinopril has a potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone and lisinopril both increase potassium levels, and a level of 5.8 mEq/L indicates hyperkalemia.
Question 3 of 5
What is the nurse's best response if a patient on furosemide reports dizziness when standing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect of diuretics; standing slowly minimizes symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
The blood leaves the heart to the body through which chamber:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta, which distributes it to the body.
Question 5 of 5
A 62 year old obese female with type 2 diabetes mellitus for 12 years is on a sulfonylurea alone. Metformin ER was stopped two years ago due to diarrhea at even a low dose. A1c is 10% but she has been having frequent hypoglycemia, even after reducing the dose of the sulfonylurea. She has significant lower extremity edema and recurrent episodes of congestive heart failure. The best answer is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pioglitazone is contraindicated in patients with heart failure due to the risk of fluid retention.