ATI LPN
Immune System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A home health nurse is caring for a client who has an immunodeficiency. What is the nurse's priority action to help ensure successful outcomes and a favorable prognosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the client and family to be active partners in the management of immunodeficiency. This is the priority action because involving the client and family in the management of the condition promotes adherence to treatment, enhances understanding of the disease process, and encourages active participation in care decisions. This collaborative approach can lead to better outcomes and a more favorable prognosis. Choice B is incorrect because managing activity levels and activities of daily living, while important, may not directly address the immunodeficiency itself. Choice C is incorrect as monitoring fluid balance, although crucial for overall health, may not be the priority in managing immunodeficiency. Choice D is incorrect because adjusting medication dosages should be done under the guidance of healthcare professionals, and it is not the nurse's primary role to ensure this.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing ongoing care for a client who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and assessment reveals a client with a newly delayed and shortened speech pattern. The client, who previously had no neurological or motor deficits, has forgotten that they are in the hospital and has trouble getting out of bed. Which problem is the client most likely experiencing related to these signs and symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client is most likely experiencing signs of subcortical neurodegenerative disease. The symptoms of delayed and shortened speech pattern, memory loss, and difficulty with motor skills point towards a subcortical neurological issue affecting the basal ganglia or other subcortical structures. This disease can lead to cognitive and motor deficits, as seen in the client's presentation. Choice A, Cryptococcal meningitis, typically presents with fever, headache, and neck stiffness, not cognitive and motor deficits. Choice B, Cytomegalovirus retinitis, primarily affects the eyes and vision, not speech and motor skills. Choice C, Peripheral neuropathy, involves damage to peripheral nerves, causing numbness and tingling in extremities, not cognitive and motor impairments. Therefore, the most likely problem based on the client's signs and symptoms is subcortical neurodegenerative disease.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is a common treatment for polycythemia vera?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Phlebotomy. Phlebotomy is a common treatment for polycythemia vera as it involves removing excess red blood cells from the body. This helps reduce the risk of blood clots and other complications associated with the condition. Bisphosphonates (A) are not used to treat polycythemia vera. A high-protein diet (B) and Vitamin C supplements (C) do not address the underlying issue of excess red blood cells in polycythemia vera.
Question 4 of 5
Which blood test result for a client being assessed for a hematologic problem indicates to the nurse that chronic anemia is likely?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: A high reticulocyte value indicates increased bone marrow production to compensate for chronic anemia. A low hematocrit indicates anemia severity but not chronicity. INR and platelet count are not specific to chronic anemia.
Question 5 of 5
A client was admitted with iron deficiency anemia and blood-streaked emesis. Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask in determining the extent of the client's activity intolerance?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. By asking the client what activities they were able to do 6 months ago compared to the present, the nurse can assess the decline in the client's activity level over time, providing valuable information on the extent of activity intolerance. This question helps establish a baseline and track changes in the client's functional status. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on the duration of the problem rather than the client's current activity tolerance. Choice C does not directly address the client's activity level but rather their ability to keep up with usual activities. Choice D is also incorrect as it only asks about tiredness and does not provide a direct comparison of the client's activity level over time.