ATI LPN
Cardiovascular NCLEX Questions with Rationale Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthy but obese 55 year old African-American male has a fasting glucose of 150 mg/dl and an A1c of 7% at his yearly office visit. He is told he has type 2 diabetes mellitus. He is given a referral to see the dietitian and start diabetes education classes. Liver and kidney function tests are normal. He is given a prescription for a glucose monitor. The best next step is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes due to its efficacy and low risk of hypoglycemia.
Question 2 of 5
57 y/o male is admitted with acute cholecystitis due to cholelithiasis and undergoes an uneventful laparoscopic cholecystectomy. He is discharged the next day but returns to the ER 2 days later due to abdominal pain, distension, and fever. Abdominal CT is only positive for moderate ascites. Paracentesis reveals 50 PMNs and bilious fluid. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bile leak is a known complication of cholecystectomy, leading to bilious ascites and peritonitis symptoms like pain and fever.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is not known to predispose to the risk of developing transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Schistosoma hematobium is associated with squamous cell carcinoma rather than transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
Question 4 of 5
After diagnosing secondary syphilis(rash involving palms and soles of a traveling salesman), you should recommend all but the following:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Benzathine PCN 2.4 million units IM weekly x 3 is not recommended; a single dose is sufficient for treating secondary syphilis.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements is true concerning a newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic's risk for progression to ESRD?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All factors (retinopathy, proteinuria, creatinine elevation) are predictive of progression to ESRD in Type 2 diabetes, reflecting systemic microvascular damage.