ATI LPN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthcare provider is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of intravenous (IV) metoprolol (Lopressor) to a client. The client's apical pulse is 58 beats/minute. What action should the healthcare provider take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hold the medication and notify the healthcare provider. The rationale is that metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can further decrease heart rate. With a low apical pulse of 58 beats/minute, administering metoprolol can potentially cause bradycardia or further slow down the heart rate to dangerous levels. Holding the medication and notifying the healthcare provider allows for further assessment and potential adjustment of the dosage or consideration of alternative treatments. Incorrect choices: A: Administering the medication as prescribed can lead to bradycardia and potential harm to the client. C: Giving half the prescribed dose and rechecking the pulse in 30 minutes can still lead to further bradycardia and potential harm. D: Administering the medication and then rechecking the pulse in 30 minutes is not appropriate as the initial pulse rate is already low, and waiting to recheck could lead to adverse effects before intervention.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of diabetes mellitus is admitted with a foot ulcer. The nurse should recognize that which intervention is most critical in promoting healing of the foot ulcer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Strict control of blood glucose levels is critical in promoting healing of foot ulcers in diabetic patients. 2. High blood glucose levels can impair wound healing by affecting circulation and immune response. 3. Maintaining normal glucose levels helps optimize tissue repair and prevent further complications. 4. Regular dressing changes (B) are important but not as critical as controlling blood glucose levels. 5. Application of antibiotic ointment (C) may be necessary for infected ulcers, but not the most critical intervention. 6. Hydrotherapy treatment (D) can help with wound cleansing, but it is not as essential as controlling blood glucose levels.
Question 3 of 5
An elderly client with congestive heart failure (CHF) is admitted to the hospital. Which laboratory test result should the nurse expect to find?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, increased serum creatinine level. In CHF, the heart's reduced pumping ability can lead to decreased blood flow to the kidneys, resulting in impaired kidney function. This can cause an elevation in serum creatinine level, indicating decreased kidney function. Elevated serum sodium level (A) is not typically seen in CHF, as patients often have fluid retention leading to dilutional hyponatremia. Decreased BNP level (B) is not expected in CHF, as BNP is released in response to increased ventricular stretching and volume overload. Elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels (D) are not directly related to CHF; they may be seen in conditions like dehydration or chronic hypoxia, but not specifically in CHF.
Question 4 of 5
What dietary advice should the nurse provide to help reduce the occurrence of hot flashes in a post-menopausal client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit caffeine and alcohol consumption. Hot flashes can be triggered by stimulants like caffeine and alcohol. Limiting intake can help reduce their occurrence. Increasing spicy foods (A) can actually worsen hot flashes. High-protein diets (C) and consuming more dairy products (D) do not have a direct impact on hot flashes.
Question 5 of 5
A client is undergoing chemotherapy and is at risk for developing thrombocytopenia. What precaution should the nurse teach the client to minimize the risk of bleeding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush. Chemotherapy can cause low platelet levels, increasing the risk of bleeding. Using a soft-bristled toothbrush can help prevent gum bleeding and trauma to the gums, reducing the risk of bleeding. Engaging in daily aerobic exercise (B) can increase the risk of injury and bleeding for a client with thrombocytopenia. Taking aspirin (C) can further decrease platelet function and increase bleeding risk. Using an electric razor (D) is recommended to prevent skin cuts and bleeding due to the fragile skin associated with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia.