ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthcare professional is educating a group of recent nursing graduates about their risks for contracting hepatitis B. What preventative measure should the professional promote?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Immunization. Hepatitis B is a viral infection transmitted through exposure to infected blood or body fluids. Immunization with the hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective preventative measure, providing long-term protection against the virus. Chronic tonsillitis (B) is unrelated to hepatitis B prevention. Consumption of a vitamin-rich diet (C) and annual vitamin K injections (D) do not offer protection against hepatitis B. Immunization is the best choice due to its proven efficacy in preventing hepatitis B transmission.
Question 2 of 5
What health promotion teaching should prioritize to prevent drug-induced hepatitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because adhering to dosing recommendations of over-the-counter analgesics can help prevent drug-induced hepatitis by avoiding potential liver damage from excessive doses. Over-the-counter analgesics like acetaminophen can be hepatotoxic if taken in high amounts. Finishing all prescribed courses of antibiotics (A) is important for antibiotic resistance but does not specifically prevent drug-induced hepatitis. Ensuring safe disposal of expired medications (C) is crucial for environmental safety but does not directly prevent drug-induced hepatitis. Having pharmacists review drug regimens for potential interactions (D) is important for overall medication safety but does not specifically address the prevention of drug-induced hepatitis.
Question 3 of 5
A client with hepatic encephalopathy exhibits confusion, difficulty arousing from sleep, and rigid extremities. Based on these clinical findings, what stage of hepatic encephalopathy should the nurse document?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stage 3. In hepatic encephalopathy, Stage 3 is characterized by severe confusion, difficulty arousing from sleep, and potential development of rigid extremities due to worsening brain function. This stage indicates significant impairment and requires immediate medical attention. Stage 1 and 2 are milder forms with less severe symptoms, while Stage 4 represents coma and severe neurological dysfunction, which is beyond the presented symptoms. Therefore, based on the client's clinical findings of confusion, difficulty arousing from sleep, and rigid extremities, Stage 3 is the most appropriate stage to document.
Question 4 of 5
A client has developed hepatic encephalopathy secondary to cirrhosis and is receiving care on the medical unit. The client's current medication regimen includes lactulose four times daily. What desired outcome should the nurse relate to this pharmacologic intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Two to three soft bowel movements daily. Lactulose is a laxative commonly used to manage hepatic encephalopathy by reducing ammonia levels through promoting bowel movements. The desired outcome of this medication is to prevent the buildup of ammonia in the bloodstream, which can exacerbate hepatic encephalopathy. Soft bowel movements indicate that the medication is effectively promoting bowel motility and reducing ammonia levels. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as lactulose is not directly associated with increasing appetite, resolving nausea and vomiting, or eliminating blood or mucus in the stool in this context.
Question 5 of 5
A client's healthcare provider has ordered a 'liver panel' in response to the client's development of jaundice. When reviewing the results of this laboratory testing, the nurse should expect to review what blood tests? Select one that doesn't apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: C-reactive protein (CRP). A liver panel typically includes tests such as ALT, GGT, and AST to assess liver function, but CRP is not part of a standard liver panel. CRP is a marker of inflammation and infection, not specific to liver function. Therefore, when reviewing the results of a liver panel for a client with jaundice, the nurse should not expect to see CRP among the blood tests.