ATI LPN
Pediatric Dosing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A female child was diagnosed to have selective IgA deficiency. She suffered from an anaphylactic reaction after a blood transfusion that was properly matched. The appropriate blood for her transfusion should be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Selective IgA deficiency can trigger anaphylaxis to IgA in blood products; washed erythrocytes remove plasma IgA, preventing reactions (AABB). Other options (A-D) contain IgA and risk reaction.
Question 2 of 5
A child is being treated for hypernatremic dehydration. Suddenly, she develops seizures. Most likely cause of seizure is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rapid correction of hypernatremia shifts water into brain cells , causing edema and seizures (UpToDate). B-E don’t match pathophysiology.
Question 3 of 5
Best drug of choice for a severe listeria infection is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ampicillin plus gentamicin is the standard for severe Listeria infections, enhancing efficacy (IDSA). A-D are suboptimal.
Question 4 of 5
An infant appears with periorbital fullness, full cheeks, long philtrum, anteverted nares, broad nasal bridge, and an open mouth. Physical examination reveals an absence of heart murmur. Laboratory findings reveal normal CBC, normal electrolytes, and high serum ionized calcium. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Williams syndrome matches the facial features and transient hypercalcemia, with no murmur if cardiac defects are absent (NIH). A-D don’t fit.
Question 5 of 5
A 6-month-old girl appears with a history of wheezing following an upper respiratory infection (URI). She improves significantly after nebulized albuterol therapy. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bronchiolitis is common at 6 months post-URI, with wheezing responsive to albuterol (AAP). Asthma is less likely under 1 year, and A, B, E don’t fit the response pattern.