A failure in professional duty, practice or skill that leads to injury or harm to the patient, is termed as

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Malpractice refers to a failure in professional duty, practice, or skill by a healthcare provider that leads to injury or harm to the patient. This failure is often due to negligence or incompetence and can include errors in diagnosis, treatment, aftercare, or health management. When a healthcare professional deviates from the accepted standards of practice in the medical community and causes harm or injury to a patient, it is considered malpractice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nurses have an ethical responsibility of veracity which means they must provide accurate information even when it may be difficult or distressing. In this situation, the nurse should provide accurate information about prognosis while also providing emotional support.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Ethical principles, such as respect for autonomy and informed consent, are vital in nursing practice. If a patient expresses a desire to refuse a life-saving treatment, the nurse's responsibility is to respect their autonomy and honor their decision, providing information and support to ensure an informed choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Principlism is an ethical decision-making model that uses a framework of principles such as autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice to guide decision-making. It provides a structured approach suitable for situations requiring immediate action.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Refusing to disclose the information and explaining confidentiality upholds the nurse's legal and ethical obligation to protect patient privacy.