ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid alcohol while taking this medication. Methotrexate can cause liver toxicity, and alcohol consumption can exacerbate this risk. It is important for the client to avoid alcohol to prevent potential harm to the liver. B: Taking the medication with a full meal is not a necessary instruction for methotrexate. It is typically recommended to take methotrexate on an empty stomach. C: Increasing intake of high-fiber foods is not directly related to methotrexate therapy. It is important for overall health but not specifically for this medication. D: Avoiding exposure to sunlight is not a common instruction for methotrexate. While some medications can increase sensitivity to sunlight, this is not a typical concern with methotrexate.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of atrial fibrillation is prescribed dabigatran (Pradaxa). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Take the medication at the same time each day. This instruction is crucial for maintaining consistent blood levels of dabigatran, maximizing its effectiveness in preventing blood clots. Taking it at the same time each day helps establish a routine and reduces the risk of missed doses. Choice A is incorrect because dabigatran should be taken without regard to meals. Choice B is incorrect as vitamin K does not interact with dabigatran. Choice D is incorrect because increasing high-potassium foods is not necessary for dabigatran therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is receiving warfarin (Coumadin). Which laboratory value indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: INR of 2.5. INR (International Normalized Ratio) is used to monitor the effectiveness of warfarin therapy. A target INR range for DVT treatment is typically 2.0-3.0. An INR of 2.5 indicates that the client's blood is clotting within the desired therapeutic range, preventing excessive clotting while avoiding excessive bleeding. B: PTT measures the effectiveness of heparin, not warfarin. C: Hemoglobin level and D: Platelet count are not specific indicators of warfarin's therapeutic effect on clotting factors. In summary, the correct answer A is the most relevant laboratory value for monitoring the therapeutic effect of warfarin in a client with DVT.
Question 4 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen therapy. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use oxygen continuously, even while sleeping. In COPD, maintaining consistent oxygen levels is crucial to prevent hypoxia. Oxygen therapy should be used continuously, including during sleep, to ensure adequate oxygenation. Using oxygen only when short of breath (Choice B) may lead to hypoxia during periods of rest. Reporting difficulty breathing (Choice C) is important but not specific to oxygen therapy. Taking off oxygen while eating or drinking (Choice D) can result in decreased oxygen levels, which can be dangerous for someone with COPD.
Question 5 of 5
A client admitted with a diagnosis of sepsis has a central venous pressure (CVP) of 15 mm Hg. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Notify the healthcare provider immediately. A CVP of 15 mm Hg in a client with sepsis may indicate fluid overload or cardiac dysfunction, which require prompt medical intervention. Notifying the healthcare provider allows for timely assessment and appropriate management. Administering a fluid bolus (A) without further evaluation can exacerbate fluid overload. Administering a diuretic (C) without knowing the underlying cause can be harmful. Continuing to monitor the CVP (D) is important, but immediate action is required due to the high CVP level.