ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Course Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with pneumonia requires oxygen therapy. Which oxygen delivery system would be most appropriate for this client to improve oxygenation and reduce the work of breathing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High-flow nasal cannula (C) is ideal for pneumonia, providing humidified oxygen up to 60 L/min, improving oxygenation and reducing breathing effort. Simple mask (A) offers less precision (40-60%). Partial rebreather (B) impedes secretion clearance. Transtracheal (D) is invasive, not typical. High-flow supports acute needs, per respiratory care, enhancing comfort and efficacy.
Question 2 of 5
Which information should be given to the client taking phenytoin (Dilantin)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin causes gingival hyperplasia, necessitating more frequent dental visits for gum care to prevent overgrowth and infection a key teaching point for clients. Meals don't enhance efficacy, sleep issues aren't prominent, and it doesn't reduce contraceptive effects significantly. Nurses emphasize oral hygiene, ensuring clients maintain health while managing seizures.
Question 3 of 5
When assessing the urinary output of a client who has had extracorporeal lithotripsy, the nurse can expect to find:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cherry-red urine clearing over time is expected post-extracorporeal lithotripsy, reflecting initial hematuria from stone fragmentation, then resolution as bleeding subsides a normal progression. Orange tinge, persistent dark red, or smoky urine suggest other issues. Nurses monitor this to confirm procedure success, reassuring clients while watching for prolonged bleeding or infection.
Question 4 of 5
The home health nurse is visiting a client with a halo fixator. Which activity can the client safely perform?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking a walk around the block is safe with a halo fixator, promoting mobility without risking cervical stability, as the device immobilizes the neck post-injury driving or bending (e.g., cooking, movie seating) strains it. Nurses encourage this activity, teaching balance and caution, ensuring recovery while preventing fixator displacement or injury.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a closed head injury. An early indicator of increased intracranial pressure is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Decreased level of consciousness is an early sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in closed head injury, reflecting brain compression before late signs like widening pulse pressure (Cushing's triad) emerge blood pressure and pupils may remain normal initially. Nurses prioritize this subtle change, reporting it promptly, as it guides interventions like mannitol or hyperventilation to reduce ICP and prevent herniation.