ATI LPN
ATI PN Adult Medical Surgical 2019 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with Parkinson's disease is being cared for by a nurse. Which intervention should be included to address the client's bradykinesia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage daily walking. Bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease refers to slowness of movement. Walking helps improve coordination, balance, and overall mobility in clients with Parkinson's. It promotes muscle strength and flexibility, counteracting the effects of bradykinesia. Walking also stimulates dopamine release, which is reduced in Parkinson's. Choice B is incorrect as thickened liquids are for dysphagia, not bradykinesia. Choice C is incorrect as meal frequency does not directly address bradykinesia. Choice D is incorrect as adaptive utensils help with fine motor skills, not slowness of movement.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a diagnosis of schizophrenia is being treated with risperidone (Risperdal). Which side effect should the nurse monitor for?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hyperglycemia. Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic medication known to cause metabolic side effects such as hyperglycemia. The nurse should monitor the client for signs and symptoms of high blood sugar levels, such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. Hypertension (choice A) is not a common side effect of risperidone. Weight loss (choice B) is less likely as risperidone is associated with weight gain. Hyperactivity (choice C) is not a typical side effect of risperidone. Therefore, monitoring for hyperglycemia is essential in clients taking risperidone.
Question 3 of 5
A client with chronic pain is prescribed a fentanyl (Duragesic) patch. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Applying the fentanyl patch to a clean, dry, and hairless area of the skin ensures proper absorption and effectiveness. Moisture, oils, and hair can interfere with absorption. Option B is incorrect as heating pads can increase drug absorption and lead to overdose. Option C is incorrect because fentanyl patches are usually changed every 72 hours, not daily. Option D is incorrect because rotating application sites helps prevent skin irritation and tolerance development.
Question 4 of 5
A client with hypertension is receiving dietary education from a nurse. Which recommendation should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit your sodium intake to less than 2 grams per day. Sodium restriction is crucial in managing hypertension as it helps reduce blood pressure. Excessive sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and increased blood volume, worsening hypertension. This recommendation aligns with evidence-based guidelines for hypertension management. Incorrect choices: A: Increasing saturated fat intake is not recommended for hypertension, as it can lead to cardiovascular issues. C: Avoiding foods high in potassium is not advised, as potassium helps regulate blood pressure. D: Consuming alcoholic beverages daily can raise blood pressure and interfere with hypertension management.
Question 5 of 5
A client who has just started taking levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet) for Parkinson's disease reports experiencing nausea. What should the nurse recommend to the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Consume a low-protein snack with the medication. This is because levodopa absorption is improved when taken with a low-protein snack, reducing the risk of nausea. Choice A is incorrect as taking the medication on an empty stomach can exacerbate nausea. Choice C is incorrect as increasing dairy intake can interfere with levodopa absorption. Choice D is incorrect as abruptly stopping the medication can worsen Parkinson's symptoms.