ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes is preparing for discharge. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because insulin shots are not only taken when blood sugar is high in type 2 diabetes. Insulin therapy may be prescribed by the doctor to be taken at specific times regardless of blood sugar levels to manage the condition effectively. Choice B is correct as it emphasizes the importance of lifestyle modifications in managing diabetes. Choice C is correct as monitoring blood sugar levels is crucial for managing diabetes. Choice D is correct as adherence to prescribed medication is essential in controlling blood sugar levels.
Question 2 of 5
A client with liver cirrhosis and ascites is being treated with spironolactone. What is a key nursing consideration for this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitoring for signs of hyperkalemia. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic commonly used in clients with liver cirrhosis and ascites. The key nursing consideration is monitoring potassium levels due to the risk of hyperkalemia, as spironolactone reduces potassium excretion. Hyperkalemia can lead to serious cardiac arrhythmias. Checking for hypoglycemia (B) is not directly related to spironolactone use. Assessing for dehydration (C) is important but not the key consideration for this medication. Observing for hyponatremia (D) is not a common side effect of spironolactone.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of chronic alcohol abuse is at risk for which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Liver cirrhosis. Chronic alcohol abuse is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis due to the toxic effects of alcohol on the liver over time. Alcohol metabolism leads to liver inflammation, scarring, and ultimately cirrhosis. Renal failure (B) is not directly linked to alcohol abuse but can occur in severe cases. COPD (C) is primarily caused by smoking, not alcohol abuse. Peptic ulcer disease (D) can be exacerbated by alcohol but is not directly caused by chronic alcohol abuse. Therefore, the most significant risk for a client with a history of chronic alcohol abuse is developing liver cirrhosis.
Question 4 of 5
After a client with ascites due to liver cirrhosis undergoes a paracentesis, what should the nurse do post-procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor the client's blood pressure and heart rate. Post-paracentesis, there is a risk of hypotension due to sudden fluid shift. Monitoring BP and HR is crucial to detect and manage any hemodynamic changes promptly. Encouraging fluid intake (choice A) may exacerbate ascites. Positioning flat (choice C) may lead to hypotension. Administering furosemide (choice D) without monitoring vital signs can worsen hypotension.
Question 5 of 5
A client reports recent exposure to hepatitis A. What is a common mode of transmission for this virus?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fecal-oral route. Hepatitis A is commonly transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food or water. The virus is present in the feces of infected individuals and can be spread through inadequate sanitation practices. Blood transfusion (A) is not a common mode of transmission for hepatitis A. Needle sharing (C) is more associated with hepatitis B and C transmission. Sexual contact (D) is not a primary mode of transmission for hepatitis A. In summary, the fecal-oral route is the most common mode of transmission for hepatitis A due to contamination of food or water with the virus.