ATI LPN
ATI PN Adult Medical Surgical 2019 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with hypothyroidism is prescribed levothyroxine (Synthroid). Which instruction should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Take the medication on an empty stomach. Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach in the morning, at least 30 minutes before eating, to ensure optimal absorption. Food can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine, reducing its effectiveness. Taking it with a meal (option A) or at bedtime (option B) may lead to decreased absorption. Taking it with an antacid (option D) can also interfere with absorption. Therefore, the best instruction is to take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize its therapeutic effects.
Question 2 of 5
The healthcare provider is caring for a client with Guillain-Barr© syndrome. Which assessment finding requires the healthcare provider's immediate action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased vital capacity. This finding indicates respiratory muscle weakness, which can lead to respiratory failure in Guillain-Barr© syndrome. Immediate action is needed to prevent respiratory compromise. Choice A is a common finding in Guillain-Barr© and does not require immediate action. Choice B is characteristic of Guillain-Barr© and should be monitored but not the most urgent. Choice C could indicate other issues but is not as critical as respiratory compromise.
Question 3 of 5
A client with cirrhosis of the liver is experiencing pruritus. Which intervention should the nurse implement to help relieve the client's symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Apply lotion to the skin. Pruritus in cirrhosis is often due to dry skin. Applying lotion helps hydrate the skin, reducing itching. Acetaminophen (A) can worsen liver damage. High-protein diet (C) is not directly related to pruritus relief. Warm bath (D) may further dry the skin.
Question 4 of 5
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed a low-protein diet. Which laboratory result should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the diet?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN). BUN is a waste product that reflects protein intake and kidney function. In chronic kidney disease, high protein intake can increase BUN levels, so monitoring BUN helps assess the effectiveness of the low-protein diet. Incorrect choices: B: Serum potassium - This is more related to kidney function but not specifically affected by a low-protein diet. C: Serum calcium - Calcium levels are not directly affected by protein intake or a low-protein diet in chronic kidney disease. D: Creatinine clearance - This measures kidney function but is not directly influenced by protein intake.
Question 5 of 5
The client has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage) for type 2 diabetes. Which instruction should the nurse include in discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the medication with meals. Metformin is typically taken with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Food helps in the absorption and tolerance of the medication. Taking it on an empty stomach can lead to stomach upset. Taking it at bedtime may also cause nighttime disruptions. Taking it as needed for high blood sugar is not appropriate as metformin is usually taken regularly to control blood sugar levels.