A client with HIV will be receiving care in the home setting. What aspect of self-care should the nurse emphasize during discharge education?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Importance of personal hygiene. This is crucial for a client with HIV to prevent infections. Hygiene practices like regular handwashing can reduce the risk of opportunistic infections. Prophylactic antibiotics (A) may be prescribed, but emphasizing hygiene is more fundamental. Wasting syndrome (C) is important, but not as essential as hygiene. Adjusting antiretroviral dosages (D) should be managed by the healthcare provider, not the client.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Applying pressure to the biopsy site is the priority post-procedure to prevent bleeding and ensure hemostasis. Inspecting the site for ecchymoses can be done after ensuring hemostasis. Sending the biopsy specimens to the laboratory is important but not as immediate as ensuring the client's safety. Teaching the client about avoiding vigorous activity is important for overall recovery but not as immediate as preventing bleeding post-procedure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because staying with the patient and focusing on slow deep breathing for relaxation is the most effective response to address the patient's fear and anxiety before the bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. Deep breathing techniques can help the patient calm down, reduce anxiety, and promote relaxation, making the procedure more manageable. This response also shows empathy and support, which can enhance the patient's emotional well-being. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Warning the patient to stay very still may increase her anxiety and fear, leading to more discomfort during the procedure. B: While having family present can provide support, it may not directly address the patient's fear and anxiety or help her relax. D: Delaying the procedure may prolong the patient's distress and uncertainty, whereas addressing the fear and anxiety promptly is crucial for the patient's well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Platelet (thrombocyte) count. Platelet count typically remains relatively stable with age, so a decreased value in a 76-year-old client would be concerning. Hemoglobin (Hgb) level can decrease with age due to factors like nutritional deficiencies. Red blood cell (RBC) count tends to decrease with age as well. White blood cell (WBC) response can vary with age and immune system activity. Therefore, the decreased platelet count is the most concerning as it is not typically age-related, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the number of red blood cells varies with gender, age, and general health. This response is accurate as it acknowledges the variability in red blood cell counts among individuals. Choice A is incorrect as it provides a definitive answer without considering the factors influencing red blood cell count. Choice C is incorrect because it gives a blanket statement that all people have the same number of red blood cells, which is not true. Choice D is incorrect as it incorrectly links anemia directly to the number of red blood cells without considering the broader context of red blood cell variability.