ATI LPN
HESI LPN Fundamentals Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with diverticulitis is admitted with nausea, vomiting, and dehydration. Which finding suggests a complication of diverticulitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A board-like abdomen suggests peritonitis, a complication of diverticulitis from perforation pain and fever are typical, distention less specific. Nurses report this rigidity, indicating urgent surgical need, preventing sepsis in this gastrointestinal crisis.
Question 2 of 5
The India Mental Health Act was passed during the year.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Indian Mental Health Act governs mental health care and patient rights. Passed in 1987 (choice A), it replaced the Indian Lunacy Act of 1912, aiming to modernize treatment and protect against abuse, though implementation varies. 1947 (choice B) marks independence, not this legislation. 1992 (choice C) and 1942 (choice D) are incorrect, with no relevant mental health laws enacted then. A is correct, reflecting the act's historical context. Nurses must understand its provisions (e.g., involuntary admission rules) to advocate for patients, ensuring ethical care under this legal framework.
Question 3 of 5
An 18 month old child was brought to the well-baby clinic for booster dose of DPT vaccine. Which among the following muscles is preferred by the nurse to administer vaccine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) booster at 18 months requires safe intramuscular injection. Dorsogluteal (choice A) risks sciatic nerve injury in toddlers, avoided until older. Ventrogluteal (choice B) is safe but less used in small children due to positioning. Deltoid (choice C) has limited muscle mass in 18-month-olds, risking injury. Vastus lateralis (choice D), on the thigh, is large, accessible, and free of major nerves/vessels, ideal for this age per WHO/CDC. D is correct. Nurses use it, ensuring proper technique and comfort, supporting immunization efficacy.
Question 4 of 5
The last expected process in the stages of inflammation is characterized by
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The stages of inflammation vascular, cellular, and resolution culminate in tissue repair. The last process involves exudates flowing from the site (D), as fluid, immune cells, and debris are cleared to facilitate healing. Sudden redness (A) and increased heat (B) occur early in the vascular phase due to vasodilation. Loss of function (C) may persist but isn't the final step; it's a symptom throughout. Exudate flow (D) marks resolution as inflammation subsides, signaling the transition to repair. This aligns with inflammation's progression from injury response to recovery, making D the correct choice for the terminal phase.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statement is not true about stress?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stress isn't solely nervous energy (A), making it untrue. It's a broader response physical, emotional, psychological to demands, per Selye's theory, not just nervous. It's essential (B), universal (C), and requires coping (D), all true. Nervous energy oversimplifies stress, ignoring its adaptive role (e.g., fight-or-flight), thus A is the incorrect statement.