ATI LPN
Immune System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Tissue Perfusion. Which action is inappropriate for this nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Elevating the client's knees on the bed or with a pillow is inappropriate for Ineffective Tissue Perfusion in a client with DIC because it can potentially worsen perfusion by hindering blood flow. Elevating the knees can lead to decreased blood circulation to the lower extremities, exacerbating tissue perfusion issues. Monitoring the client's level of consciousness and mental status (A), minimizing the use of tape on the client's skin (C), and assessing extremity pulses, warmth, and capillary refill (D) are appropriate actions for managing Ineffective Tissue Perfusion in a client with DIC. These actions help in early detection of perfusion issues, preventing complications, and ensuring adequate tissue oxygenation.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following nursing interventions can help prevent or reduce nausea and vomiting during chemo?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, administering an antiemetic 30 minutes before chemo. Antiemetics are medications specifically designed to prevent or reduce nausea and vomiting. Administering them before chemo helps to control these side effects. Other choices are incorrect because providing a high fiber diet (A) may not directly address nausea and vomiting, administering allopurinol (B) is not indicated for managing nausea and vomiting, and while increasing fluid intake (C) is important, it may not be as effective as an antiemetic in preventing these symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
A child with nephrotic syndrome has been placed on prednisone for several weeks. An important point of teaching with the parents should include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Never stop the medication suddenly. This is important because stopping prednisone suddenly can lead to adrenal insufficiency due to the suppression of the adrenal glands. The other choices are incorrect because B is inaccurate as prednisone is usually taken daily, not just once a week. C is incorrect as there is no specific time of day that prednisone must be taken. D is also incorrect as prednisone is typically taken with food to reduce stomach irritation.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to admit a child with possible hydronephrosis. What labs should the nurse expect to draw on this child?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer B: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels are essential labs to draw for a child with possible hydronephrosis. Elevated levels indicate impaired kidney function. This helps in diagnosing and monitoring the condition. Platelet count (A) is not typically related to hydronephrosis. PTT (C) assesses blood clotting function, not kidney function. Blood culture (D) is used to identify bacterial infections, not specific to hydronephrosis.
Question 5 of 5
A child with inflammatory bowel disease is prescribed prednisone daily. At which time is it most appropriate for the family to administer the prednisone?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: With meals. Prednisone can cause stomach irritation, so taking it with food helps reduce this risk. Administering with meals also helps minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as taking prednisone between meals or at bedtime can increase the likelihood of stomach upset and reduce its effectiveness due to varying absorption rates. Administering prednisone one hour before meals may not provide enough protection against stomach irritation.