ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with diabetes has a new prescription for 14 units of regular insulin and 28 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at breakfast daily. What is the total number of units of insulin that should be prepared in the insulin syringe?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 42 units. To calculate the total number of units of insulin to be prepared in the syringe, you need to add the units of regular insulin (14 units) and NPH insulin (28 units). Therefore, 14 units + 28 units = 42 units. This is the total amount of insulin that should be drawn up and administered subcutaneously. Summary of other choices: B: 14 units - This is only the amount of regular insulin and doesn't include the NPH insulin. C: 28 units - This is only the amount of NPH insulin and doesn't include the regular insulin. D: 32 units - This is the sum of 14 units of regular insulin and 18 units of NPH insulin, which is incorrect as the NPH insulin prescribed is 28 units, not 18 units.
Question 2 of 5
Your patient has an order to receive Levothyroxine Sodium 75 mcg daily IV. You have a vial containing 100 mcg available from the pharmacy. According to the package insert, 5 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride is needed to reconstitute. You add the appropriate amount of sodium chloride to the vial. How many mcg of medication are in 1 mL of the vial?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 20 mcg. To determine the amount of medication in 1 mL of the vial, you first need to reconstitute the vial with 5 mL of sodium chloride. This will result in a total of 100 mcg of Levothyroxine Sodium in the vial. To find out how much medication is in 1 mL, you divide the total amount by the volume of the vial (100 mcg / 5 mL = 20 mcg/mL). Therefore, there are 20 mcg of medication in 1 mL of the vial. Choice B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately calculate the amount of medication in 1 mL of the vial based on the given information and the reconstitution process.
Question 3 of 5
A client with portal hypertension who has developed ascites is scheduled for a paracentesis. What pre-procedure nursing intervention is essential?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the client to empty the bladder. Before a paracentesis, it's crucial to ensure the bladder is empty to prevent accidental puncture during the procedure. This reduces the risk of injury and complications. Options B and C are incorrect because they are not directly related to the safety of the paracentesis procedure. Option D is incorrect as placing the client in a supine position does not address the need to empty the bladder.
Question 4 of 5
What nursing intervention can help alleviate pruritus in a client with cirrhosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Applying emollients to the skin. Pruritus is common in cirrhosis due to bile salt accumulation. Emollients help hydrate and protect the skin, reducing itching. Antihistamines (A) may not be effective for pruritus in cirrhosis. High-protein diet (B) is unrelated to pruritus. Hot water baths (D) can worsen itching by drying out the skin.
Question 5 of 5
A client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes is preparing for discharge. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because insulin shots are not only taken when blood sugar is high in type 2 diabetes. Insulin therapy may be prescribed by the doctor to be taken at specific times regardless of blood sugar levels to manage the condition effectively. Choice B is correct as it emphasizes the importance of lifestyle modifications in managing diabetes. Choice C is correct as monitoring blood sugar levels is crucial for managing diabetes. Choice D is correct as adherence to prescribed medication is essential in controlling blood sugar levels.