ATI LPN
Adult Medical Surgical ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is scheduled for hemodialysis. Which pre-dialysis assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blood pressure of 180/90 mm Hg. High blood pressure can worsen kidney function and increase the risk of cardiovascular complications during hemodialysis. The nurse should report this finding to the healthcare provider for prompt management. A: Serum potassium of 5.5 mEq/L is slightly elevated but not an immediate concern before hemodialysis. C: Heart rate of 80 beats per minute is within normal range and not a priority assessment for pre-dialysis. D: Serum sodium of 140 mEq/L is within normal limits and does not require immediate attention before hemodialysis.
Question 2 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed tiotropium (Spiriva). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rinse your mouth after using the inhaler. This instruction is important because tiotropium is an inhaled medication that can cause dry mouth and increase the risk of oral thrush. Rinsing the mouth after each use helps reduce these side effects. A: Using the medication only during acute exacerbations is incorrect because tiotropium is a maintenance medication for COPD to improve lung function and reduce symptoms. C: Taking the medication with food is unnecessary as tiotropium can be taken with or without food. D: Increasing fluid intake to at least 3 liters per day is not specifically related to tiotropium use and is not necessary for all COPD patients.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) who is receiving warfarin (Coumadin). Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prothrombin time (PT). Warfarin affects the clotting process by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Monitoring PT helps assess the effectiveness of warfarin therapy and prevent complications like bleeding. Platelet count (A) is important but not directly affected by warfarin. Hemoglobin level (C) and white blood cell count (D) are not typically affected by warfarin therapy.
Question 4 of 5
When assessing a client with a chest tube connected to suction, which observation indicates that the chest tube is functioning properly?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Steady bubbling in the suction control chamber. This indicates proper functioning as it shows that the suction is maintaining a consistent pressure, which is essential for effective drainage and lung re-expansion. Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber (choice A) indicates an air leak. Intermittent bubbling in the suction control chamber (choice B) could suggest fluctuating pressure. No fluctuation in the water seal chamber (choice C) indicates either a blockage or disconnection. Steady bubbling in the suction control chamber (choice D) indicates the suction is working consistently, ensuring proper drainage and lung re-expansion.
Question 5 of 5
The healthcare provider is preparing to administer a blood transfusion. Which action is most important to ensure client safety?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Verify the client's identity and blood compatibility. This step is crucial to prevent transfusion reactions due to compatibility issues. By confirming the client's identity and ensuring that the blood type matches, the healthcare provider minimizes the risk of adverse reactions such as hemolytic transfusion reactions. Checking vital signs (A) is important but ensuring blood compatibility takes precedence. Administering blood with normal saline (C) is incorrect as blood should be infused with the appropriate blood administration set. Monitoring the client for the first 15 minutes (D) is essential but verification of identity and blood compatibility is the primary step to prioritize safety.