ATI LPN
Introduction of Respiratory System NCLEX Questions PN Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with acute asthma showing inspiratory and expiratory wheezes and a decreased expiratory volume should be treated with which of the following classes of medication right away?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchodilators (B), like albuterol, are the first-line treatment for acute asthma with wheezes and reduced expiratory volume. They rapidly relax bronchial smooth muscle, reversing bronchoconstriction the root of airflow limitation easing wheezing and dyspnea. Beta-blockers (A) worsen asthma, causing constriction. Inhaled (C) or oral steroids (D) reduce inflammation but act slowly, unsuitable for immediate relief used adjunctively. Wheezing reflects narrowed airways; bronchodilators open them fast, critical in acute settings to prevent hypoxia, a nursing priority over slower anti-inflammatory options.
Question 2 of 5
A 70-year-old woman has had episodes of dyspnea with wheezing and coughing, accompanied by urticaria for the past 3 years. She has had bouts of rhinitis. She has a 10-year history of osteoarthritis. On physical examination she has nasal polyps. Use of which of the following medications is the most likely risk factor for her respiratory disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin (B) triggers intrinsic asthma here (Page 30, Ans: B). Blocking cyclooxygenase shunts arachidonic acid to leukotrienes (Page 5), causing bronchospasm and rhinitis. Acetaminophen (A) is safe. Gabapentin (C) and morphine (D) are unrelated. B's effect 10% incidence contrasts A's neutrality, per document.
Question 3 of 5
A 28 year old woman with cystic fibrosis presents with increasing shortness of breath and production of abundant foul-smelling sputum. The sputum in this patient is most likely associated with which of the following pulmonary condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchiectasis (B) links to cystic fibrosis sputum . CFTR mutation thickens mucus , dilating bronchi (100 mL/day). Atelectasis (A) collapses. Emphysema (C) is dry. Pneumothorax (D) lacks sputum. B's infection unlike C's dryness is typical, per document.
Question 4 of 5
Which of these symptoms is common is all COPDs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dyspnea (A) is common in all COPD . Airflow obstruction raises work of breathing (RR >20). Dry cough (B) fits emphysema. Recoil loss (C) is emphysema-specific. Coexistence (D) varies. A's universality unlike C's specificity holds, per document.
Question 5 of 5
Most of the oxygen being transported by blood:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oxygen is reversibly bound to haemoglobin (C) . Haemoglobin in RBCs (5 billion/mL) carries 98% of O2 (20 mL/dL), binding 4 molecules/O2 via iron. Plasma (A) holds 2%. Glucose (B) isn't an O2 carrier. Heartbeat energy (D) uses ATP, not O2 directly. C's capacity unlike A's minor role ensures tissue delivery, per physiology.