ATI LPN
Immune System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with a recent diagnosis of HIV infection expresses an interest in exploring alternative and complementary therapies. How should the nurse best respond?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Acknowledge client interest in alternative therapies. Step 2: Provide balanced information about alternative therapies. Step 3: Emphasize benefits and risks of alternative therapies. Step 4: Encourage open discussion and decision-making with healthcare provider. Choice C is correct as it acknowledges client autonomy, provides information, and promotes informed decision-making. Choice A is incorrect as it dismisses alternative therapies outright. Choice B is incorrect as it discourages without considering individual preferences. Choice D is incorrect as it presents a binary choice without discussing the nuances of treatment options.
Question 2 of 5
A child suspected of having sickle cell disease is seen in a clinic, and laboratory studies are performed. A nurse checks the lab results, knowing that which of the following would be increased in this disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reticulocyte count. In sickle cell disease, there is a chronic hemolytic anemia leading to increased destruction of red blood cells. As a compensatory mechanism, the bone marrow increases production of immature red blood cells called reticulocytes. This results in an elevated reticulocyte count in sickle cell disease. Platelet count (A) is typically not affected in sickle cell disease. Hematocrit level (B) may be decreased due to anemia. Hemoglobin level (D) may also be decreased due to the chronic hemolysis.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following disorders results from a deficiency of factor VIII?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hemophilia A. Factor VIII deficiency is characteristic of Hemophilia A. Factor VIII is crucial for blood clotting, and its deficiency leads to prolonged bleeding. Sickle cell disease (A) is a genetic disorder affecting red blood cells. Christmas disease (B) is another name for Hemophilia B, which results from a deficiency of factor IX, not factor VIII. Therefore, the incorrect choices are A, B, and D.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse devises a teaching plan for the patient with aplastic anemia. Which of the following is the most important concept to teach for health maintenance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Avoid exposure to others with acute infection Rationale: 1. Patients with aplastic anemia have compromised immune systems. 2. Acute infections can be life-threatening for these patients. 3. Teaching the patient to avoid exposure to infections is crucial for preventing complications. 4. This concept directly relates to health maintenance by reducing the risk of infections. Summary: - Choice A: Nutrition is important but not the most critical for aplastic anemia patients. - Choice C: While stress management is beneficial, infection prevention is more vital for health maintenance. - Choice D: Sleep is essential, but avoiding infections takes precedence for aplastic anemia patients.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about what to expect during a bone marrow biopsy. Which statement by the nurse accurately describes the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. During a bone marrow biopsy, a needle is inserted into the bone to extract a sample. The client may experience a crunching sound or scraping sensation as the needle punctures the bone due to the nature of the procedure. This is because the bone is a hard structure, and the needle has to penetrate it to collect the sample. Choice A is incorrect because a bone marrow biopsy involves extracting a solid tissue sample, not fluid. Choice C is incorrect as additional people are not typically prohibited during the procedure, but proper sterile techniques are followed. Choice D is incorrect because sedation may or may not be given, and the client may still be aware of some sensations during the procedure.