ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Exam 1 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with a primary brain tumor has developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse will expect to see which clinical findings upon assessment? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SIADH causes excessive water retention, diluting sodium. Decreased serum sodium (D) is a hallmark finding, leading to hyponatremia. Nausea/vomiting (A) and bradycardia (C) may occur secondary to cerebral edema, but hyperthermia (B) isn't typical. D is correct for CSV. Rationale: Hyponatremia from SIADH disrupts osmolarity, causing neurological symptoms and fluid overload, a key focus in neurocritical care, distinct from temperature dysregulation, per endocrine disorder management.
Question 2 of 5
Critical care nurses can best enhance the principle of autonomy by
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enhancing autonomy means providing all information (C), empowering patient decision-making. Limiting info (A), assisting minimally (B), or guiding (D) reduce autonomy. C is correct. Rationale: Full disclosure respects patient self-determination, a core ethical principle, per nursing ethics, ensuring informed choices over paternalism.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a spinal cord injury at C4. Which complication should the nurse monitor for as a priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: C4 SCI risks respiratory failure (A) from phrenic nerve impairment. Retention (B), ulcers (C), or incontinence (D) are secondary. A is correct. Rationale: Breathing loss is immediate and life-threatening, per SCI priorities, requiring ventilatory support.
Question 4 of 5
When reading the nursing-care plan of a newly assigned client prior to caring for this client, the LPN/LVN will notice that potential problems are stated using how many parts in the statement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a nursing-care plan, potential problems, or risk diagnoses, are stated in two parts: the risk diagnosis (e.g., 'Risk for Falls') and the related factors (e.g., 'related to impaired mobility'). This format, per NANDA guidelines, identifies the potential issue and its cause, guiding preventive interventions. One-part statements lack context, while three- or four-part formats apply to actual diagnoses with defining characteristics. For an LPN/LVN, recognizing this structure ensures clarity in addressing risks, like monitoring a client prone to falling due to weakness.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following situations represents the best example of passive immunity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Passive immunity involves receiving pre-formed antibodies, best exemplified by an infant getting maternal antibodies via breast milk. Vaccinations trigger active immunity, infection produces personal antibodies, and antibiotics treat bacteria, not immunity. This natural transfer protects newborns, a concept nurses teach in infant care.