ATI LPN
ATI PN Adult Medical Surgical 2019 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of gout is experiencing an acute attack. Which medication should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to prescribe?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Colchicine. Colchicine is used to treat acute gout attacks by reducing inflammation and pain. It works by decreasing the inflammatory response to urate crystals in the joints. Aspirin (choice A) is not recommended for gout treatment as it can worsen symptoms. Allopurinol (choice B) and Probenecid (choice D) are used for long-term management of gout by reducing uric acid levels and preventing future attacks, not for acute attacks. Colchicine is the appropriate choice for treating the client's acute gout symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
What action should the nurse take to prevent tracheal tissue damage in a client with a tracheostomy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action to prevent tracheal tissue damage in a client with a tracheostomy is to use the minimal leak technique when inflating the cuff (Choice C). This technique helps maintain proper cuff pressure, preventing excessive pressure on the tracheal tissue. Securing the tracheostomy ties firmly (Choice A) may cause pressure ulcers on the neck. Changing the tracheostomy tube daily (Choice B) is unnecessary and may introduce infection. Cleaning the stoma with hydrogen peroxide (Choice D) can be too harsh and damaging to the delicate tracheal tissue.
Question 3 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing respiratory distress. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to position the client in a high Fowler's position first. This helps improve lung expansion and oxygenation, making it the priority intervention for a client with respiratory distress. Administering bronchodilators or obtaining an ABG sample can wait until the client's oxygenation is improved. Pursed-lip breathing can be helpful, but positioning is more critical in this situation.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with hyperthyroidism. Which intervention should the nurse implement to manage the client's condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encourage frequent rest periods. For a client with hyperthyroidism, rest is crucial to conserve energy and support the body's recovery. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by increased metabolic rate, leading to fatigue and weakness. Rest periods help reduce metabolic demands and prevent exhaustion. A high-calorie diet (choice A) may be necessary to support increased metabolism but is not the priority. Restricting fluid intake (choice C) can lead to dehydration, which should be avoided in hyperthyroidism. Administering a stool softener (choice D) is unrelated to managing hyperthyroidism.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of diabetes mellitus presents with confusion, sweating, and palpitations. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check the client's blood glucose level. The client's symptoms are indicative of hypoglycemia, which is a common complication in diabetes mellitus. Checking the blood glucose level will confirm the diagnosis and guide appropriate interventions. Administering insulin (B) could worsen the hypoglycemia. Giving a high-protein snack (C) may help raise blood sugar levels but should be done after confirming the diagnosis. Measuring blood pressure (D) is not the priority in this situation.