ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is taking haloperidol. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia is a serious side effect associated with the long-term use of haloperidol. It is characterized by involuntary movements of the face, tongue, and extremities. Early detection is crucial as tardive dyskinesia may be irreversible and should be reported promptly to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and management. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because weight gain, dry mouth, and tremors are common side effects of haloperidol but are not as concerning as tardive dyskinesia. While they should still be monitored and managed, tardive dyskinesia requires immediate attention due to its potentially irreversible nature.
Question 2 of 5
Azithromycin dosing requires that the first day's dosage be twice those of the other 4 days of the prescription. This is considered a loading dose. A loading dose:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is correct because a loading dose, like azithromycin's higher first-day dose, quickly elevates drug levels to the therapeutic range for faster effect. Choice B is incorrect as steady state, not loading, takes four to five half-lives; loading bypasses this delay. Choice C is wrong because renal function affects maintenance dosing, not the loading concept. Choice D is incorrect since circulation to tissues is a distribution issue, not the purpose of a loading dose.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements about bioavailability is true?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is correct because bioavailability—the fraction of drug reaching systemic circulation—is critical for drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges (where small changes risk toxicity or inefficacy) and sustained-release forms (where release rate affects duration). Choice B is incorrect as bioavailability varies by formulation, not all brands are identical. Choice C is wrong because dosing frequency doesn't inherently increase bioavailability. Choice D is incorrect since inert substances can alter absorption, impacting bioavailability.
Question 4 of 5
The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease by 50% is called:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because half-life is the time for a drug's concentration to decrease by 50%, a key pharmacokinetic parameter for dosing. Choice A is incorrect as steady state is when levels stabilize, not halve. Choice C is wrong because phase II metabolism is a process, not a time measure. Choice D is incorrect since ‘reduced bioavailability time' isn't a recognized term.
Question 5 of 5
Therapeutic drug levels are drawn when a drug reaches steady state. Drugs reach steady state:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because steady state is reached after four to five half-lives, when absorption equals elimination, stabilizing drug levels for therapeutic monitoring. Choice A is incorrect as the second dose is too early for steady state. Choice C is wrong because patient perception doesn't define pharmacokinetics. Choice D is incorrect since IV timing varies and doesn't inherently match steady state.