A client is scheduled for a bone marrow aspiration. What does the client's nurse do before taking the client to the treatment room for the biopsy?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Verifies that the client has given informed consent. Before performing any invasive procedure like a bone marrow aspiration, it is crucial for the nurse to ensure that the client has given informed consent. This involves explaining the procedure, risks, benefits, and alternatives to the client, allowing them to ask questions, and obtaining their signature on the consent form. This step is essential to ensure the client understands the procedure and willingly agrees to it. Choice A is incorrect because cleaning the biopsy site with an antiseptic should be done in the treatment room, not before taking the client there. Choice B, holding the client's hand and asking about concerns, is a good practice for providing emotional support but does not address the necessary step of verifying informed consent. Choice C, reviewing the client's platelet count, is important for assessing the client's readiness for the procedure but does not address the consent aspect, which is crucial before any invasive procedure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The iliac crest is the best source for active bone marrow in a 20-year-old because it contains a high concentration of hematopoietic stem cells responsible for blood cell production. It is easily accessible, minimizing risks associated with harvesting. The femur, distal radius, and tibia have lower concentrations of active bone marrow and are less commonly used for bone marrow aspiration. Therefore, the iliac crest is the optimal choice for obtaining active bone marrow in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Decitabine is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, NOT an inducer. Step 2: Fetal hemoglobin production is regulated by gene expression, not DNA methylation. Step 3: The switch from gamma to beta-globin production is primarily controlled by transcription factors. Step 4: Therefore, the statement that decitabine prevents the switch by inducing DNA methylation is FALSE. Summary: Choice B is correct because decitabine does not induce DNA methylation to increase fetal hemoglobin production. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect due to the lack of evidence supporting them.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Homan's sign is actually classified as pain in the calf upon passive dorsiflexion of the foot, not behind the knee. This test is used to assess for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The other choices are incorrect: A is incorrect as Homan's sign is not associated with pain behind the knee, C is incorrect as the sign is consistent in its presentation, and D is incorrect because Homan's sign is not exclusive to DVT.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Older adults. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia typically affects individuals over the age of 50, with the average age of diagnosis around 70. This type of leukemia is rare in young adults, children, or middle-aged adults. Risk factors for chronic lymphocytic leukemia include advanced age and a family history of the disease. Therefore, older adults are the most commonly affected demographic group for this type of leukemia.