ATI LPN
Questions of Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is receiving isoetharine hydrochloride (Bronkosol) via a nebulizer. The nurse monitors the client for which side effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Isoetharine (Bronkosol), a beta-2 agonist bronchodilator, commonly causes tachycardia (D) as a side effect. It stimulates beta-2 receptors in bronchial smooth muscle to relieve bronchospasm, but beta-1 crossover in the heart increases heart rate palpitations or tremors may follow. Constipation (A) and diarrhea (B) aren't linked; gastrointestinal effects are rare. Bradycardia (C) opposes beta-adrenergic stimulation, which accelerates pulse. Other effects like nervousness or dry mouth occur, but tachycardia is a primary concern, requiring monitoring, especially in COPD or asthma patients with cardiac comorbidities, a key nursing task to ensure safety during nebulizer therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A 33-year-old man suddenly develops severe dyspnea with wheezing. On physical examination, his vital signs are temperature, 37C; pulse, 95/min; respirations, 35/min; and blood pressure, 130/80 mm Hg. A chest radiograph shows increased lucency in all lung fields. Arterial blood gas analysis shows Po2, 65 mm Hg; Pco2, 30 mm Hg; and pH, 7.48. A sputum cytologic specimen shows Curschmann spirals, Charcot-Leyden crystals, branching septate hyphae, and eosinophils in a background of abundant mucus. What is the most likely risk factor predisposing him to illness?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cytokine gene polymorphisms (A) predispose to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in this asthma case (Page 28, Ans: A). TH2 cytokine excess (IL-5, IL-13) drives eosinophilia and IgE (Page 6), reacting to Aspergillus hyphae . Spirals and crystals confirm atopic asthma. Aspiration (B) lacks eosinophils. Dusts (C) cause restriction. CFTR (D) yields bronchiectasis. A's genetic link 5q locus explains hypersensitivity, unlike B's mechanical cause, per document.
Question 3 of 5
Which one of the following is the first line therapy and management of acute asthma attack?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is the diagnosis for a patient who complain from productive cough for 3 consecutive months over 2 consecutive years?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
Regarding the morphology of bronchiectasis, which of the following is not true?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.