ATI LPN
Patient Care Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is placed on sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim) for a recurrent urinary tract infection. Which of the following is appropriate reinforcement of information by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased fluid intake flushes bacteria from the urinary tract, enhancing the antibiotic's effectiveness.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse practicing in a long term care facility recognizes that elderly clients are at greater risk for drug toxicity than younger adults because of which of the following physiological changes of advancing age?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reduced water and increased fat alter drug distribution, prolonging effects and increasing toxicity risk.
Question 3 of 5
A client with bi-polar disorder is taking lithium (Lithane). What should the nurse emphasize when teaching about this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sodium depletion increases lithium toxicity; consistent salt intake is critical.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a child and the family about the medication phenytoin (Dilantin) prescribed for seizure control. Which of the following side effects is most likely to occur?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gingival hyperplasia is a common, long-term side effect of phenytoin, especially in children.
Question 5 of 5
The health care provider has written 'Morphine sulfate 2 mgs IV every 3-4 hours prn for pain' on the chart of a child weighing 22 lb. (10 kg). What is the nurse's initial action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dose is potentially unsafe (low for weight); provider clarification is needed.