A client is in the primary infection stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which statement regarding this client's current health status is most accurate?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because during the primary infection stage of HIV, the virus replicates rapidly without significant antibody production. This results in a high viral load but a lack of detectable HIV-specific antibodies. This stage is also known as the window period. Choice A is incorrect because the client's antibodies are not yet successful in killing the virus during the primary infection stage. Choice C is incorrect because the risk for opportunistic infections typically increases during the later stages of HIV when the immune system is severely compromised, not during the primary infection stage. Choice D is incorrect because once a person is infected with HIV, they will always have the virus, it does not spontaneously clear on its own.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Overproduction of red blood cells. Polycythemia vera is characterized by the excessive production of red blood cells in the bone marrow, leading to an increased number of red blood cells in the bloodstream. This condition can result in thickening of the blood, increased risk of blood clots, and potential complications such as stroke or heart attack. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: A: Underproduction of white blood cells - Polycythemia vera does not involve a decrease in white blood cell production. B: Underproduction of platelets - Polycythemia vera does not lead to a decrease in platelet production. D: Overproduction of bone cells - Polycythemia vera does not affect the production of bone cells; it specifically involves the overproduction of red blood cells.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Excessive Bleeding. Polycythemia Vera is a condition characterized by an overproduction of red blood cells, leading to increased blood viscosity and risk of thrombosis. Due to the increased number of red blood cells, there is a higher risk of clot formation, which can result in complications such as thrombosis, stroke, or heart attack. Excessive bleeding can also occur as a result of abnormal blood clotting mechanisms in Polycythemia Vera. Pruritus (choice B) is a common symptom but not a direct complication of Polycythemia Vera. Hepatomegaly (choice C) and Pancreatitis (choice D) are not commonly associated complications of Polycythemia Vera.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Too few white blood cells. Leukopenia refers to a decrease in white blood cells. White blood cells are crucial for the immune system to fight infections. Easy bleeding and bruising (A) are associated with low platelets, not white blood cells. Too few red blood cells (C) is known as anemia. While white blood cells are important for immunity, platelets help with blood clotting, and red blood cells carry oxygen.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Applying pressure to the biopsy site. This is the priority post-procedure as it helps prevent bleeding and hematoma formation. Applying pressure aids in achieving hemostasis, reducing the risk of complications. Choice B is incorrect as inspecting for ecchymoses is important but not the priority over preventing bleeding. Choice C is also incorrect as sending specimens to the lab can be done after ensuring the client's safety. Choice D is incorrect as teaching about avoiding vigorous activity is important but not the immediate priority post-procedure.