ATI LPN
Integumentary System Multiple Choice Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is diagnosed with herpes zoster (shingles). Which pharmacological therapy would the nurse expect to be prescribed to treat this disorder?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: acyclovir (zovirax). Acyclovir is the preferred antiviral medication for treating herpes zoster (shingles) as it inhibits the replication of the virus. It helps to reduce the severity and duration of the outbreak and also decreases the risk of complications. Tetracycline hydrochloride (A) and erythromycin base (B) are antibiotics that are not effective against viruses like herpes zoster. Indomethacin (D) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and inflammation, but it does not treat the underlying viral infection. Therefore, acyclovir is the most appropriate choice for treating herpes zoster due to its specific antiviral action.
Question 2 of 5
A dark-skinned patient has been admitted to the hospital in severe respiratory distress. To determine whether the patient is cyanotic, the nurse will
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: check the lips and oral mucous membranes. Cyanosis is characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to decreased oxygen levels in the blood. Lips and oral mucous membranes are highly vascular and can provide a quick indication of cyanosis. Assessing for a bluish tinge in the sclera (A) may be difficult in dark-skinned individuals. Applying pressure to the palms of the hands (B) does not directly assess for cyanosis. Examining the nailbeds for capillary refill (D) is more related to circulation rather than respiratory distress.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is working with a patient who has a diagnosis of Cushing syndrome. When completing a physical assessment, the nurse should specifically observe for what integumentary manifestation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hirsutism. In Cushing syndrome, there is excessive production of cortisol which can lead to hirsutism, or abnormal hair growth in women. This is due to the hormonal imbalance caused by the condition. Alopecia (choice A) is not typically associated with Cushing syndrome. Yellowish skin tone (choice B) is more indicative of jaundice or liver problems, not specifically related to Cushing syndrome. Patchy, bronze pigmentation (choice C) is seen in Addison's disease, not Cushing syndrome. Hirsutism is a common manifestation of Cushing syndrome due to the excess cortisol stimulating hair growth, making it the correct choice.
Question 4 of 5
A new patient presents at the clinic and the nurse performs a comprehensive health assessment. The nurse notes that the patients fingernail surfaces are pitted. The nurse should suspect the presence of what health problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Psoriasis. Pitted fingernails are a common finding in psoriasis, a chronic autoimmune skin condition. The pitting occurs due to abnormal growth of the nail matrix cells. In eczema (choice A), there is typically no nail involvement. Systemic lupus erythematosus (choice B) can cause nail changes, but pitting is not a common feature. COPD (choice D) does not directly cause nail pitting. Therefore, based on the presentation of pitted fingernails, psoriasis is the most likely health problem.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone skin grafting of the face and arms for burn wound treatment. A primary nursing diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: body image disturbance. Skin grafting for burn wound treatment can greatly impact a patient's body image due to scarring and changes in appearance. This can lead to psychological distress and affect the patient's self-esteem and social interactions. Addressing body image disturbance is crucial for the patient's emotional well-being and overall recovery. Incorrect choices: A: altered nutrition, less than body requirements - While nutrition is important for wound healing, it is not the primary concern in this case. C: decreased cardiac output - This choice is not directly related to skin grafting and burn wound treatment. D: fluid volume deficit - Though fluid balance is important post-surgery, it is not the primary nursing diagnosis in this scenario.