A client is brought to the emergency department with partial-thickness burns to his face, neck, arms, and chest after trying to put out a car fire. The nurse should implement which nursing action for this client?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess for airway patency. In this scenario, the client's burns are located on the face, neck, arms, and chest, which can lead to airway compromise due to swelling or inhalation injury. Assessing airway patency is crucial to ensure the client's ability to breathe. Immediate intervention may be necessary to prevent respiratory distress or failure. Restricting fluids (A) is not appropriate as fluid resuscitation may be required for burn victims. Placing a cooling blanket (C) could potentially worsen the burns by causing hypothermia. Giving oral pain medication (D) is important but not the priority in this situation where airway management is critical.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Provide nighttime lights in the room. This intervention is important in preventing complications secondary to osteoporosis as it helps reduce the risk of falls and fractures during nighttime bathroom visits. Darkness can increase the risk of falls, especially in elderly individuals with osteoporosis. Keeping the room well-lit at night can improve visibility and safety, reducing the chances of accidents. A: Keeping the bed in a high position does not directly address the risk of falls related to osteoporosis. B: Passive range-of-motion exercises focus on mobility and muscle strength but do not directly address fall prevention. C: Turning the client every two hours is important for preventing pressure ulcers but does not specifically target osteoporosis-related complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Keep the fractured arm at heart level. This positioning helps reduce swelling and promote circulation, aiding in the healing process. Keeping the arm elevated can also help alleviate pain and discomfort. Choice B is incorrect because using a wire hanger to scratch inside the cast can lead to injury and complications. Choice C is incorrect because applying an ice pack to an itching area can cause skin damage and should be avoided. Choice D is incorrect because foul smells are not expected occurrences with cast care; any foul odor should be reported to the healthcare provider as it may indicate an infection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Check the client's pulses distally and assess the toes. This is the priority intervention because it assesses neurovascular status post-arthroscopy, detecting any potential complications like impaired circulation. Checking pulses and toe assessment are crucial to prevent ischemia and ensure proper blood flow to the extremity. Encouraging range-of-motion exercises (A) is important but not the priority immediately post-surgery. Monitoring urine output and color (B) is important for hydration status but not as critical as neurovascular assessment. Monitoring vital signs (D) is also important but does not specifically address the risk of impaired circulation post-arthroscopy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Osteoporosis is more common in older individuals, especially postmenopausal women due to decreased estrogen levels. Smoking can lead to decreased bone density. Sedentary lifestyle also contributes to bone loss. Therefore, a sedentary 65-year-old woman who smokes cigarettes is at the highest risk. A: A 25-year-old woman who runs - Running is actually beneficial for bone health, so this individual is not at the greatest risk. B: A 36-year-old man who has asthma - Asthma does not directly increase the risk of osteoporosis compared to the other factors mentioned. C: A 70-year-old man who consumes excess alcohol - While excessive alcohol consumption can impact bone health, it is not as strong a risk factor as smoking and sedentary lifestyle.